【作者】 张双；

【导师】 齐家玉；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 运动人体科学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 太极柔力球起源于中国,是以中国太极文化思想为基础,把太极拳和现代球类运动进行有机结合的一项运动。该运动具有动作刚柔相济、灵活多样等特点,适合各个年龄段的人进行练习,尤其是套路练习中的负荷强度可以根据自身身体情况进行调整,使太极柔力球成为深受中老年人欢迎的健身、休闲和娱乐运动形式。为探索太极柔力球对人体健康体适能的影响,及推动太极柔力球的广泛开展,以华中师范大学校柔力球代表队中年女性42人与不经常参加运动的同龄女性31人为研究对象,采用文献资料法、访谈法、测量法、问卷调查法、数理统计等方法,对她们的健康体适能进行了对比研究。研究结果显示:1.太极柔力球套路练习可提高血中高密度脂蛋白含量、血红蛋白含量,降低血中甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白及血糖含量,对增加动脉血管弹性,提高心血管功能,防止冠心病等心血管疾病有一定的意义。2.太极柔力球运动可有效改善中年女性身体成分,降低体重、体脂百分比、腰臀比、身体质量指数等,为中年女性塑造形体,预防肥胖及肥胖引起的各种疾病起到积极作用。3.从人体协调、柔韧、平衡和反应时等体适能相关素质指标角度来看,太极柔力球套路练习对柔韧性有影响,特别是上肢柔韧性的影响较为明显,可达预防和治疗肩关节疾病的体疗效果;而对平衡、协调和反应时等能力均有增强作用,使锻炼者形成身、心、眼、手、脑联动机制,手敏、眼尖、脑快。4.太极柔力球套路练习对骨质含量影响并不很明显,可能与太极柔力球套路运动方式、强度和负荷量、营养膳食及性别有关系。因此,建议中年女性在生活和工作中不要过度劳累,同时适量补充钙质以及维生素,预防骨质疏松。5.通过监控太极柔力球锻炼者运动中的生理负荷发现,太极柔力球套路运动强度负荷量在靶心率范围内,负荷适中,特别是锻炼者可根据自身身体情况进行调整和控制运动中负荷。因此,太极柔力球是一项很适合中年女性作为健身休闲的运动项目。6.同时研究也揭示了锻炼者有积极参与健身的意识,但缺乏科学健身知识,例如:在进行锻炼之前没有进行准备活动、每次的锻炼时间过长,容易造成疲劳、每个套路的间歇时间不合理等等。建议加强科学健身知识的宣传,和科学健身方法指导。综上所述,太极柔力球锻炼对提高中年女性身体健康水平及预防与辅助治疗相关疾病具有积极的作用;强化健康生活方式和科学锻炼理念,为太极柔力球锻炼促进中年女性进一步提高生活适应能力、提高生活质量、健康生活一辈子提供理论参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taiji Softball is based on the culture of Chinese Taijiquan, it combines the Taijiquan and morden ball Sports to be an organic integration,so the movement is very flexible and diversly, which can be suitable for people of all ages to exercise .However,the exercicers should change the load intensity in the routine exercise with their physical conditions, so that the Taiji Softball can be welcomed by middle-aged elderly as a fitness, leisure sports and entertainment forms.In order to explore Taiji Softball on human Health-related physical fitness, and promote Taiji Softball extensive, this paper takes 42 middle-aged women of the HuaZhong Normal University Softball team and 31 non-regular participating female age women as the study, using literature, interviews, measurement, questionnaire and mathematical statistics on their physical fitness to carry out a comparative study. The research findings show:1. The routines exercise of Taiji Softball should improve the blood high density lipoprotein content, hemoglobin content, and reduced the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and blood sugar levels ,which can increase the arterial flexibility and improve the cardiovascular function, so it is a certain significance to prevent coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.2. The routines exercise of Taiji Softball should improve the body composition of middle-aged women, lower their body weight body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index,which can own a perfect body shape for the middle-aged women,so it plays an active role in prevention obesit and obesity-induced various diseases.3. From the human body coordination, flexibility, balance and reaction time and other related physical fitness indicators of the quality point of view, the routines of Taiji Softball influential flexibility exercises, particular in the impact of the upper limbs flexible obviously, and it can prevent and treat diseases of the shoulders. The exercise also should enhance the ability of balance, coordination and reaction time, etc. and form a ability of body, heart, eyes, hands, brain linkage mechanism,which will develop the ability of hand-man, sharp-eyed, quick-brain.4. The impact of the Taiji Softball routines exercise to the content of bone is not clear, it may be associated with the different movement, intensity ,load, nutrition and sex. Therefore, we suggest that the middle-aged women should not overworked in the life and work, and at the same time pay more attention to supple adequate calcium and vitaminment to prevent osteoporosis. 5. Through the heart rate monitoring of Taiji Softball movement in exercise physiology ,we found that routines of Taiji Softball load exercise intensity target heart rate in the range of moderate load, in particular, exercise can be conducted in accordance with its own body condition and control by themselves. Therefore, it is suitable for middle-aged women as a health leisure sport.6. The study found that Exercisers has a sense of active participation in fitness, but they lack of science and fitness knowledge of the exercise , for example: they did not do any warming-up exercise before the Taiji Softball training ,or the training time is too long, which can easily lead to fatigue, and every time interval routines unreasonable and so on. We suggest to people should strengthen the scientific knowledge, and to promote some scientific methods to guide fitness.To sum up, Taiji Softball training can get an active role to improve the level of middle-aged women’s health and aslo to prevent and support the treatment-related diseases.However, it can also help the exercisers to form a healthy lifestyle and science exercise philosophy.What’s more, the exercise of Taiji Softball promote further improve their ability of adapting lives and their quality of life, which can provide them a theoretical basis for a wholelife.更多还原