【作者】 李学彬；

【导师】 丁书茂；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP),又称邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯,属于邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物,目前使用最为广泛,被广泛应用为塑料工业中,作为增塑剂。由于DEHP与塑料成分之间只能形成不稳定的非共价键,因此比较容易从塑料中溢出,进而扩散到外环境,从而对空气,水和土壤造成污染。目前的研究表明,DEHP进入生物体内的途径是多种多样的,对许多器官和组织造成损伤,并引发多种疾病。本研究采用模式生物金鲫鱼作为研究对象,通过研究DEHP对其组织器官的生化指标变化的影响,开展邻苯二甲酸酯类物质对鲫鱼致毒效应及生物标志物的筛选的研究对保护水环境、建立邻苯二甲酸酯生物检测指标具有重要意义,为水生经济动物的安全营养提供科学依据。1.DEHP导致金鲫鱼脑组织和肾组织SOD活力的变化本研究以金鲫鱼为研究对象,将不同剂量(50mg/L、100 mg/L、200 mg/L、400mg/L)的DEHP投放到养殖金鲫鱼的水体中,染毒处理14d。本实验以金鲫鱼的脑组织和肾组织为实验材料,采用NBT法测定组织中SOD活力,来判断氧化损伤程度。结果表明:当DEHP浓度为50mg/L时,脑组织和肾脏内SOD被显著性诱导(p＜0.01);SOD活性被诱导说明金鲫鱼脑组织和。肾脏内产生大量O~2-,金鲫鱼已处于氧化应激状态。当DEHP的浓度为200mg/L时,SOD活力下降,且浓度越高,下降越明显,呈明显的剂量-效应关系。2.DEHP导致金鲫鱼脑组织和肾组织MDA含量的变化本研究以金鲫鱼为研究对象,将不同剂量(50mg/L、100 mg/L、200 mg/L、400mg/L)的DEHP投放到养殖金鲫鱼的水体中,染毒处理14d。本实验以金鲫鱼的脑组织和肾组织为实验材料,用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法测定组织中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的含量,来判断脂质过氧化程度。结果表明:随着DEHP浓度的增大,脑组织和肾脏中脂质过氧化水平增加。当浓度为200mg/L时,脑组织中MDA的含量发生显著性上升(p＜0.05);肾脏中MDA的含量发生极显著性上升(p＜0.01)。说明在脂质过氧化方面,肾的敏感性比脑强,这可能与脑组织的抗氧化机制有关。当DEHP的浓度为400mg/L时,脑组织和肾脏中MDA的含量均发生显著性的上升(p＜0.01),说明高浓度DEHP引起金鲫鱼细胞膜脂肪的严重损伤。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ethylhexyl phthalate ester（di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate,DEHP）,also known as iso-octyl phthalate esters,is one of the phthalate esters（PAE）.It is one of the most widely used phthalates in the plastics industry as the most important plasticizer.Because DEHP is not binded with covalent chemical bond to the plastic,it is easy to transfer from the plastic to the outside environment,resulting in the air,water and soil pollution. Research has shown that,DEHP can entered through a variety of ways in vivo,damaging many organs and tissues,lead to many diseases.In this study,gold crucian carp were used to detect the DEHP-induced the impact of the biochemical indicators of their tissues and organs.In order to carry out phthalate-induced toxic effects on gold crucian carp and to chose biomarker.The study on the protection of water environment,the establishment of Phthalic Acid Esters in biological detection indicator is of great significance.It can provide scientific basis of safety nutrition for aquatic animals.1.Gold crucian carp brain tissue and kidney tissue dynamic changes in SOD caused by DEHPIn this study,gold crucian carp was used to the experimental materials,the different doses（50mg / L,100 mg / L,200 mg / L,400 mg / L） of DEHP into the water,exposure with 14d.In this experiment,the brain tissue and kidney tissue of gold crucian carp were used for the experimental material.Determine the tissue’s SOD viability with NBT.The results showed that:50mg / L of DEHP could cause gold carp brain and kidney oxidative damage,the brain tissue and kidney SOD was induced significantly（p＜0.01）;SOD activity that was induced by gold crucian carp brain and kidney with a large amount of O^2-,gold crucian carp has been in the oxidative stress.When the concentration of DEHP was 200mg / L,SOD decreased clearly,and the higher the concentration,the more obvious decline,showing a clear dose - response relationship.2.Gold crucian carp brain tissue and kidney tissue dynamic Changes in MDA content caused by DEHPIn this study,gold crucian carp was used to the experimental materials,the different doses（50mg / L,100 mg / L,200 mg / L,400 mg / L） of DEHP into the water,exposure with 14d.In this experiment,the brain tissue and kidney tissue of gold crucian carp were used for the experimental material,with thiobarbituric acid（TBA） to determine lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde（MDA） content of brain tissue and kidney in order to determine the extent of lipid peroxidation.The results showed that:With increasing concentrations of DEHP,lipid peroxidation levels were increased in the brain tissue and kidney.When the concentration of 200mg / L,the MDA content of brain tissue significantly increased（p＜0.05）;the MDA content of kidney also increased clearly（p＜0.01）.In lipid peroxidation,the sensitivity of kidney than the brain,and this may be related to brain tissue antioxidant mechanism.When the concentration of DEHP was 400mg / L,the brain tissue and kidney MDA content both in a significant increasement（p＜0.01）.It was caused by the high concentration of DEHP gold crucian carp fat cell membrane serious injury.There are two reasons:on the one hand it is caused by the rupture of membranes,and the release of contents;on the other hand,membrane lipid peroxidation peroxide generated can also be used to enlarge the role of oxidative damage,and further extensive damage caused to the body.更多还原