【作者】 李腾；

【导师】 王后雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 国家治理与考选制度， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 高考分省定额录取政策是指国家按一定的准则将高校招生人数总数分省区分配其配额的一项招生录取政策。我国自1952年实施统一高考后,就实行了分区定额录取政策。1977年恢复高考以来,分省定额录取政策逐渐完善。高考分省划线定额录取是我国高等学校招生考试录取环节中至关重要的一环,它不仅涉及广大考生享有高等教育的切身利益,也关乎我国高校招生的数量与质量,进而影响到我国高尖人才的培养和国家经济建设。20世纪90年代高校招生并轨改革完成,再加上各省区之间政治、经济、人口、文化和教育等方面长期存在的非平衡发展状态,各地高考录取分数线差异过大的问题凸显出来,分省定额录取政策所带来的公平性问题引起了社会上下的广泛关注。本文主要是针对我国分省定额录取政策以及由此带来的公平问题而展开研究的,主要运用的研究方法包括资料分析法和统计分析法等。在整个研究过程中,本文以政策理论为逻辑起点、社会公平为理论依据,以分省定额录取政策为研究对象,围绕各省之间高等教育入学机会公正分配这一核心问题,从历史考查和实证研究的角度,做了全面的分析和研究。全文共分五个部分。首先,从公共政策学的宏观层面出发,探讨高考政策的内涵、基本特征和价值取向。第二个部分,在分析公平的内涵和标准的基础上,提出了高考政策公平的规则体系。第三部分尝试从政策文本的角度,系统分析建国以来分省定额录取政策演变、发展的历程及其对高校招生名额分配的影响。第四个部分,在前文分析的基础上通过实证研究,分析我国现行的分省定额录取政策的公平性。第五个部分,探析影响分省定额录取政策实现公平的因素,并结合当前社会发展形势,提出一些有利于实现分省定额录取政策公平性的建议。本论文的研究结论主要有以下几点:1、我国高等教育入学机会的区域差异,既是由政府和社会提供的教育机会不平等造成的,也是由地理位置等非社会因素的自然差异所导致的结果,因此,必须逐步消除由不平等的教育资源分配所带来的教育机会不平等,尊重和保护地理位置等非社会因素形成的合理差异。2、在统一高考制度下出现的“倾斜的高考分数线”根源于省区间政治、经济、文化、人口和教育等多种因素发展的不平衡。3、高考录取制度的改革方向是立足区域公平的现实,追求考试公平的理想,具体的政策建议是在区域经济和社会协调发展的基础上,通过高校地理布局的调整,循序渐进地调整高校招生计划的分配,使各省区间高等教育入学机会的分配逐步达到公正合理的状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 The admission policies at provincial scale of the college entrance examination, which means certain criteria,will be the total number of college enrollment quotas for sub-provinces,autonomous regions,and a distribution of its admission policies admission.After the implementation of a unified college entrance examination in 1952, the district implemented a fixed admission policy.Since the resumption of university entrance examination in 1977,the admission policies at the provincial scale have improved gradually.College entrance examination at the provincial fixed line plays a very important role in the entrance examination in China’s colleges.It is not only involved in the majority of students enjoy the immediate interests of higher education; they are also relevant to the quantity and quality of the college entrance examination.So it affects the training of high-pointed and national economic construction.During the 20 century 90’s,college students have completed the merger of the reform,between the provinces and regions together with the political,economic,demographic,cultural and educational areas such as long-term development of non-equilibrium state,the problem of the difference between the admission around the college entrance examination come out.Admission policies at the provincial scale brings about by the issue of fairness raised widespread concern in the community as a whole.This article is mainly about China’s admission policies at the provincial scale,as well as the fairness of the resulting problems and research.The main methods of the research include data analysis and statistical analysis of law.Throughout the whole of the study,this article starts with the logical starting point for policy theory,and basses on the social justice.Then it studies the admission policies at the provincial scale.Also it between the provinces surrounding the fair distribution of education opportunities for higher education in this core issue.Finally it from a historical and empirical study to examine the point of view has done a comprehensive analysis and research.The full text is divided into five parts.First of all,from public policy studies at the macro level, explore the college entrance examination’s meaning,essence,basic features and value orientation.The second part,it starts with the analysis of the content and the principles of fairness then put forward a fair rule of the university entrance examination system.The third part of the text from a policy point of view,Analysis sub-province since the founding of the evolution of a fixed admission policies,development process and its impact on the college entrance quota distribution.The fourth part of the previous analysis bases on empirical research,and analysis of the current admission policy of a fixed sub-provincial equity.The fifth part,explores the impact of sub-provincial scale to achieve a fair admission policy factors,and combined with the current situation of social development,conducive to the realization of some sub-province of the faimess of a fixed admission policy recommendations.In this paper,the main conclusions of the study are as follows:1.China’s higher education opportunities for the regional differences in enrollment,not only coursed by the government and social inequalities of educational opportunities,but also by the location of non-social factors such as the natural result of differences.Therefore,it is necessary to eliminate the unequal distribution of educational resources gradually which brought about by the unequal educational opportunities.Respect for and protection of geographical location and other non-social factors in the formation of a reasonable difference.2.In a unified college entrance examination system under the "tilt test scores," rooted in the province range of the imbalance in the development of a variety of factors,for example political,economic,cultural,population education and so on.3. Taking college entrance examination system in the direction of reform is based on the reality of regional equity,and pursuit of the ideal of a fair examination.The specific policy proposals basis on the regional economic and social development.Through the college adjustment of the geographical layout,plan to adjust the allocation of college and university enrollment step-by-step,so that the distribution of education opportunities between the provinces for higher education will achieve a fair and rational state.更多还原