【作者】 吴美丹；

【导师】 姜小鹰；

【作者基本信息】 福建医科大学 ， 护理学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:1、了解福建省综合医院临床护士艾滋病知识认知、防护行为及态度现状;2、分析影响临床护士艾滋病知识认知、防护行为状况的因素;3、探讨对临床护士进行艾滋病防护知识教育的干预方式,并对干预效果进行评价。方法:1、自制《临床护士艾滋病相关知识、行为、态度调查表》,采用分层抽样的方法选取福建省16所等级医院中的700名临床护士进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷660份,采用描述性统计、成组t检验、单因素方差分析、多元逐步线性回归等统计方法,对临床护士艾滋病知识认知、防护行为、态度现状进行分析。2、采用类实验性研究,对某医院82名护士进行为期3个月的艾滋病职业防护干预,干预方式以系统知识讲授为主、发放宣传资料为辅,通过基线调查及干预3个月后两次问卷评价的方式收集资料,比较干预前后干预对象对艾滋病知识认知水平及态度的变化。运用描述性统计方法、χ2检验、四格表精确概率法、成组t检验评价干预效果。结果:1、660名临床护士艾滋病知识得分平均为(17.50±3.46)分,水平高者占12.6%,水平中等者占60.2%,水平低者占27.2%;2、不同年龄、文化程度、医院等级、科室、工作年限、既往护理艾滋病患者经验、既往是否接受过艾滋病培训临床护士艾滋病知识得分比较差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),其中,既往是否接受过艾滋病培训对临床护士的艾滋病知识得分的影响最大(Beta值为0.210)。3、临床护士艾滋病防护行为得分为(14.66±5.01)分,不同医院等级、科室、年龄、工作年限、既往是否接受过培训临床护士艾滋病职业防护行为得分差别有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);临床护士艾滋病职业防护正确行为与既往研究相比有所改善。4、52.9%临床护士认为艾滋病患者是疾病的受害者;但愿意为其提供护理者仅占37.3%。5、干预后护士的艾滋病知识总体得分较干预前有明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);但干预后护士对艾滋病患者的态度总体得分及各维度得分与干预前比较,差异均无统计学意义,仅在部分项目的比较中,有显著性差异(P﹤0.05)。结论:1、临床护士艾滋病知识掌握水平处于中等,仍有待提高;年龄、文化程度、医院等级、科室、工作年限、既往护理艾滋病患者经验、既往是否接受艾滋病培训与临床护士艾滋病知识掌握水平有关,其中,既往是否接受过艾滋病培训对其影响最大。2、不同医院等级、科室、年龄、工作年限、既往是否接受过培训影响临床护士艾滋病防护行为得分;临床护士艾滋病职业防护正确行为与既往研究相比有所改善。3、临床护士对艾滋病患者态度趋于正向,但护理意愿不高。4、以系统知识讲授为主、发放宣传资料为辅的干预方式,可以提高护士的艾滋病知识水平,在改变护士对艾滋病的态度方面起到了一定的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives:1.To investigate the knowledge、behavior、attitude regarding to AIDS among nurses from Fujian general hospitals.2. To analyze the factors that influent the condition of the knowledge and behavior regarding to AIDS among nurses.3.To explore the AIDS intervention program on improving nurses’knowledge and attitude regarding to HIV/AIDS. Then evaluate the effect of the program.Methods:1.A self-administered questionnaire was made to investigate the knowledge、behavior、attitude regarding to AIDS among clinical nurses. A convenient sample of 700 nurses was obtained in several-stage stratified cluster sample from 16 Fujian province general hospitals. 660 questionnaires were fully completed. The descriptive statistics、student t tests、one-way analysis of variance、multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to analysis the condition of the knowledge behavior and attitude on AIDS among nurses.2.A quasi-experimental study was used in the AIDS intervention program of a convenient sample of 82 nurses. The main intervention method was through systematic lectures, besides sending out manuals as a auxiliary method. Two surveys are conducted before and 3 mouths after the intervention as to evaluate the changes of the knowledge and attitude on AIDS. The descriptive statistics、chi-square test、fisher exact probabilities in 2×2 table、student t tests were adopted to evaluate the effect of the program.Results:1.The average score of the 660 clinical nurses’knowledge on AIDS was 17.50±3.46 points,12.6% of respondents had higher level,60.2% had moderate level,27.2% had lower level.2.There were statistically significant relationship between clinical nurses’score of knowledge on AIDS and age、education level、hospital grade、department、the service years of work、whether provided care to HIV-infected patient or received AIDS intervention before(all P<0.05).Meanwhile whether received AIDS intervention before had the strongest influence on the score(Beta=0.210).3.The average score of clinical nurses’behavior on AIDS was 14.66±5.01 points, There were statistically significant relationship between clinical nurses’score of behavior on AIDS and age、hospital grade、department、whether received AIDS intervention before(all P<0.05).4.52.9% of respondents regard AIDS as the victims; however, only 37.3% were reluctant to care AIDS patients.5.Compared pre-intervention with post-intervention,there were significantly increased in nurses’score of knowledge on AIDS,but there were no significant changes in nurses’scores of attitude on AIDS, there were only statistical significanct in some specific items (P<0.05).Conclusions:1.The clinical nurses’knowledge on AIDS was on moderate level,while still need to improve;Age、education level、hospital grade、department、the service years of work of nurses、whether provided care to HIV-infected patient and whether received AIDS intervention before were the factors influencing nurses’score of knowledge on AIDS ,then whether received AIDS intervention before was the strongest influential factor.2. Age、hospital grade、department、whether received AIDS intervention before were the factors influencing nurses’score of behavior on AIDS;the behavior had improved compared the previous similar investigation.3.The nurses’attitude towards AIDS was inclined to positive, nurses’ willingness to care for patients with AIDS was relative low.4.The intervention program which was mainly carried out by systemic lectures accompanied with manuals could increase the clinical nurses’knowledge level of AIDS.It could also change the nurses’attitude in some extent.更多还原