【作者】 麻建宗；

【导师】 吴命利；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电气工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着近年来我国电气化铁道的迅速发展,由电力牵引引起的电能质量问题越来越引起人们的关注。电力牵引是指在电气化铁路上行驶的电力机车,它是单相大功率非线性负荷。相对于电力系统其它负荷,电力机车由于存在功率大、分布广、冲击性强、三相不对称等特性,因此在其沿铁路移动用电过程中必然会有较大的负序电流和高次谐波注入电网,从而影响电网电能质量。京沪线安定和南翔牵引变电所是铁道部电气化铁道电能质量治理试点工程,其中安定采取了“固定补偿(FC)+TCR”型SVC方案,南翔牵引变电所采用“固定补偿(FC)+SVG”方案。两个变电所的方案是针对无功补偿而设计的,能兼顾滤波。南翔的“固定补偿(FC)+SVG”方案在解决无功补偿和谐波问题的同时还能兼顾解决负序问题,这在国内尚属首次,因此对上述方案进行测试分析对未来我国电气化铁路电能质量治理具有积极的指导意义。为了掌握第一手数据资料,本人分别于2008年7月和2009年4月份对两个牵引变电所进行了实地测试。本文根据课题需要,开发了电能质量分析系统,利用Delphi语言编写程序,完成相关数据的采集和分析,以得到电能质量相关指标的统计结果。通过对不同运行方式的对比分析,得到牵引供电系统量化的电能质量技术指标数据。本文针对当前国网公司考核较为严格的谐波含量、电压畸变率、三相不平衡度、功率因数等指标进行了重点分析,评价电网和牵引供电系统的供电质量,验证SVC和SVG的电能质量治理效果,提出了一些不足,结合目前我国电气化铁路的实际情况提出了合理的建议,为今后我国电气化铁道的电能质量治理提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With rapid development of electrified railway in China, Power quality problems caused by electric traction have attracted more and more attention. Electric traction, which is the electric locomotive running on the electrified railway, is a kind of load that is single-phase, high-power and nonlinear. Compared with other load in power system, while the locomotive is moving on the rail and feeding current, it brings in larger negative current and higher harmonic to the power net as a result of its characteristics, high power, wide distribution, strongly impulse and so on, thus the power quality is affected badly.An-ding and Nan-xiang traction substations of Beijing-Shanghai electrified railway line is pilot projections of power quality improvement by Ministry of Railway. The scheme of fixed compensation (FC) + TCR is adopted in An-ding substation and FC+SVG in Nan-xiang. They are aiming at the reactive power compensation, filtering is also considered. The improvement scheme in Nan-xiang can also solve the negative sequence problem. It is first time of be used in China. It will be active guiding significance to test and analyze the schemes to the further improvement of power quality in electrified railway in China.In order to get the firsthand data, we did the field test to the substations in July in 2008 and April in 2009. To meet the requirement of the subject, power quality analysis system is developed by Delphi language for data acquisition and analysis which are used to get the relative statistical results of power quality indices. The data of power quality’s quantization technical index in traction power supply system is obtained through the comparative analysis of different operation mode. The paper emphatically analyzed the power quality indices which are strict examined by state grid corporation, such as harmonic content, voltage distortion rate, triphase unbalance degree and power factor and so on. The power qualities of grid and traction power supply system are evaluated and the regulation effects of SVC and SVG for power quality are verified. Based on the actual situation of electric railway in china present, reasonable proposals are given for regulation effects’ disadvantages of the two kind compensation devices, which can provide regulation reference for power quality in our country’s electric railway in the future.更多还原