【作者】 张超；

【导师】 王阿川；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 森林火灾是林业灾害中对社会、经济及环境发展影响范围最广和破坏性最大的一种自然灾害。森林火灾是一个极其复杂的自然现象,受众多自然因素和社会因素的影响,包括可燃物类型、地形、天气等因素,而林火发生又具有突发性,要在很短的时间内判断林火的发展趋势,并及时采取相应的决策措施,同时还要随时掌握现场的状况,作为决策者要做到这一步就必须采用先进的科学技术来提高自身的判断能力和现场指挥能力。本文以黑龙江省大兴安岭地区塔河林业局为主要研究对象,以WebGIS技术为基础,深入研究了ArcGIS Server平台相关的关键技术;综合分析了国内外林火蔓延研究的发展状况和影响林火蔓延的相关因子;介绍了几种常用的林火蔓延模型及其在计算机中的实现方法;论述了不同林火蔓延模型的应用范围、条件及其优缺点。其中王正非林火蔓延模型是经过对我国大兴安岭地区林火蔓延研究得出的林火蔓延模型,其针对性强且使用简单方便,适用于坡度在60°以下的地形,可作为本系统的林火蔓延模型。本系统在王正非林火蔓延模型的基础上,将毛贤敏等人得出的5个方向上的火蔓延速度方程组扩展为各个方向上的火灾蔓延速度公式,并依据林火扑救的数学模型及ArcGIS的网路分析功能,实现了林火扑救辅助决策子系统,为扑火指挥员提供了科学的参考依据。研究过程中,以ArcGIS Server 9.2、.Net、ArcSDE、Oracle为研究平台,以基于接口的组件式开发为依托,以ArcObjects为开发工具,编码实现了基本地图操作、综合查询、火点定位、火场蔓延、辅助决策、业务分析6个部分的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest fire is a natural calamity of forestry calamity, with the most effects on the social, economic, environmental development and the biggest destruct. Meanwhile, forest fire is a kind of extremely complex natural phenomena, which is influenced by various natural and social factors such as combustibles, landform, climate and so on. Moreover, the occurrence of the fires is paroxysmal. To judge the trend of the fires and adopt the corresponding actions in time, it is vital to control the local situation. Therefore, the decision-maker must master advanced technology to improve his ability of judgment and local superintendence.Taking Tahe Forestry Bureau of the Greater Xing’an Mountains in Heilongjiang Province as the main object, this paper researched the key technologies about ArcGIS server platform with WebGIS; comprehensively analyzed the development of the forest fires spread and its impact factors; introduced several models of the forest fires spread and their realization in the computer; discussed the application scope, conditions, advantages and disadvantages of the different models. Wang Zhengfei Model which was obtained by researching the forest fires spread of the Greater Xing’an Mountains, because of its good pertinence and simple operation, is suitable in the area where the slope is lower than 60°. Therefore, Wang Zhengfei Model could be used as this paper’s forest fires spread model. Meanwhile, expanded equations of fires spread speed of 5 directions which were researched by Mao Xianmin et al., and obtained the formulas of the fires spread speed of each direction. Based on the models of the forest fires spread, by the mathematical model of forest fires fighting and network analysis functions of ArcGIS, this paper realized the aided decision systems of forest fires fighting, meanwhile could provide references for the fires commanders.Taking ArcGIS Server 9.2, .Net, ArcSDE, Oracle as research platform, component development based on the interface as support, ArcObjects as a tool, achieved a basic map operation, integrated query, fires location, fires spread, aided decision, and business analysis, the six functions.更多还原