【作者】 张典；

【导师】 刘川来；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 智能城市公交系统为解决城市交通拥堵、空气污染,降低交通事故提供了解决方案,并在世界各国达成广泛的共识。我国政府为改善城市公共交通系统投入了大量的财力对公交系统进行升级和改造,智能调度、自动报站、车辆监控等新技术应用于城市公交系统中。IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee标准的制定,不仅为工业控制、家居自动化控制和遥测遥控等领域提供了一种无线互联互通的标准,而且给智能公交系统带来了新的生机,为智能交通系统及相关产业的发展提供了有力的契机。本文给出了IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee标准的介绍,给出了协议栈框架结构,从物理层到应用层进行了分析,并将ZigBee技术与其他无线通信技术做了比较,分析了ZigBee技术应用的场合。在查阅大量参考文献的基础上,设计了基于ZigBee技术的智能公交系统的框架结构,分析了始发站、中间站、终点站的功能,并尝试采用挪威Chipcon公司的ZigBee-CC2430无线模块来代替GPS技术实现公交车辆自动报站。在始发站停车场监控系统中,重点研究ZigBee定位机制,研究了多边定位算法、几何算法、加权质心算法等,并改进现有的定位算法,并使用MATLAB工具进行仿真分析,实现了基于ZigBee技术的公交车定位系统;在中间站电子站牌设计中采用能量检测算法实现了与车载终端的通讯,编写了电子站牌和公交车载终端的通信协议并实地测试了自动报站功能。最后设计了以Philips公司的ARM7芯片LPC2364为微处理器的智能公交车载终端,并给出了各部分的硬件电路设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 Intelligent Public Transportation System is the best acknowledged method to solve the problems in traffic field at present, such as traffic jam, traffic block, traffic accident and air pollution. To upgrading public transportation system, our government poured huge material and financial resources into it. Some new techniques, such as intelligent dispatching techniques, Automatic bus station broadcasting techniques, automatic monitoring techniques, have been applied on the system of Intelligent Public Traffic System. After IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee standards were marked out, ZigBee techniques have been widely used for industry control field, home automatic control field,telemetry and telecontrol field. Intelligent Public Transportation System is also employed the new technology in recent years.At the beginning of this thesis, the standard of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee is introduced. It also presents the framework of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee stack. Every layer from physical layer to Application layer in the stack is analyzed. ZigBee technology is also compared with the other wireless communication technology, then the application fields of ZigBee technology is introduced.Based on massive literature material, an Intelligent Public Transportation System based on ZigBee is designed. The framework of system is introduced. It emphasis on analyzing the function of departure bus stations, intermediate stations, terminal stations, and a new wireless module replace GPS chip, which is called ZigBee-CC2430 and developed in Chipcon Company in Norway. The new module can achieve the function of automatic bus station broadcasting.In Vehicle Monitoring and Control System which placed in the parking lot of departure stations, we studied Location Technology based on ZigBee. Several location algorithms, such as multilateral location algorithm, geometrical algorithm, weighted centroid localization algorithm, etc., are studied and simulated with MATLAB. An improved localization algorithm is introduced. The simulation results show that it can achieve lower error probability and give a better performance. Energy detection algorithm is employed in electronic bus stop module to realize the communication with the bus terminal.At last, Intelligence bus terminal is designed, which employed ARM7 chip LPC2364 developed by Philips Company as the Micro Controller Unit. Some key circuits are also presented.更多还原