【作者】 刘大令；

【导师】 武跃；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题针对工业废水有机物含量高、色度高、毒性大、成分复杂、难降解等特点,进行了低成本、高效果处理方法的研究,达到了预期的效果。铁炭微电解法具有适用范围广,处理效果好,使用寿命长和成本低廉等优点,并且使用废铁屑为原料不需消耗电力资源,具有“以废治废”的意义,但缺点是对难降解有机物处理效果较差;而Fenton试剂法对难降解有机物处理效果好,但需使用Fe2+和H2O2,成本高。若将两种方法结合起来使用,微电解反应后产生的Fe2+供后续Fenton试剂法使用,可很大程度上降低成本,同时又可达到理想的处理效果,倍受人们的青睐。本文以医药中间体废水和二甲亚砜生产废水(包括精制碱性废水和合成废水)为研究对象,研究铁炭微电解法和Fenton试剂氧化法的原理、特点、影响因素以及在高浓度工业废水中的应用,考察了铁炭微电解反应中pH值、反应时间、炭铁质量比、铁粉投加量和Fenton反应中pH值、反应时间、H2O2投加量等因素对废水COD去除率的影响,从而确定最佳运行参数,并在此条件下,考察废水的生化性能。实验结果表明:铁炭微电解-Fenton试剂法联合使用,对医药中间体废水和二甲亚砜生产废水预处理均可行。(1)对医药中间体废水,出水COD的去除率为66.03%,色度由105降至18,可生化性由0.21提高到0.46,有利于后续的生物处理。实验确定最佳运行参数为:微电解进水pH为2.0,且整个过程保持恒定,C/Fe=1.5:1,铁粉投加量为1.5%,反应时间4h;Fenton反应进水pH为3.0-5.0,H2O2投加量为5mmol/L,采用滴加方式,反应时间2h。(2)对精制碱性废水,出水COD的去除率为64.59%,色度由80降至8,实验确定最佳运行参数为:微电解进水pH为2.0-3.0,C/Fe=1: 1,铁粉投加量为1.0%,反应时间4h; H2O2投加量为5mmol/L,采用滴加方式,反应时间1h。(3)对合成废水,出水COD的去除率达72.14%,由143145mg/L降到39876mg/L。实验确定最佳运行参数为:微电解进水pH为3.0,C/Fe=1: 1,铁粉投加量为1.0%,反应时间4h; H2O2投加量为8mmol/L,采用滴加方式,反应时间2h。由于合成废水中含有大量挥发性甲醇,可以采用先蒸馏再用铁炭微电解-Fenton试剂法处理,CODCr由原水的143145 mg/L降到5531mg/L,总去除率达96.14%,但设备投资大,能耗增加,工厂可根据实际情况选择合适方法。(4)对由精制碱性废水和合成废水按一定比例组成的混合废水处理,出水COD去除率达82.80%,明显好于单独处理的效果。综上所述,铁炭微电解-Fenton试剂法适用范围广,COD去除率高,处理成本低,工艺运行设备简单,占地面积小,操作方便,有很高的推广应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article researched on the processing method of low cost and high effect, in view of the characters of industrial wastewater, such as high concentration organics, chroma, toxicity, complicated components, refractory degradation and so on. Finally achieved anticipated result.Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis has the advantages of wide application, good processing effect, long life and low cost, and using the waste iron fillings for raw materials without consumption of electric power resources, so it has the significance of making of waste circularly. But the shortcoming is to difficult to deal with refractory organics. However, Fenton reagent is effective to refractory organics, but it requires Fe2+ and H2O2, the cost is high. If the two methods used together, Fe2+ produced by micro-electrolysis is used for the following Fenton process, it may reduce the cost to a great extent and achieve the desired effect simultaneously, it caters people’s favor.In this paper ,the object are medical intermediate wastewater and DMSO wastewater (including refined alkaline wastewater and synthetic wastewater). The principles, characters, influence factors as well as application in treating high concentration industrial wastewater of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis and Fenton reagent process were studied. Inspected pH value, reaction time, ratio of carbon and iron ,dosage of iron in micro-electrolysis and pH value, reaction time, dosage of H2O2 and other factors in Fenton process on the removal rate of COD, thus determined the optimal operating parameters, and under this condition, studied the biochemical performance.The results showed that:It was practicable to pretreat medical intermediate wastewater and DMSO wastewater by joint use of iron-carbon microelectrolysis - Fenton reagent process.(1) To medical intermediate wastewater, the removal rate of COD in effluent is 66.03%, the chroma falled from 105 to 18,the biodegradability rised from 0.21 to 0.46, so it was convenient for the following biological treatment. The optimal operating parameters are: micro-electrolysis’s pH value is 2.0 and maintains constant, quality ratio of carbon versus iron is 1.5, the dosage of iron is 1.5%, reaction time is 4h;Fenton’s pH value is 3.0-5.0,the dosage of H2O2 is 5mmol/L, by dropping way, reaction time is 2h.(2)To refined alkaline wastewater, the removal rate of COD in effluent is 64.59%, the chroma falled from 80 to 8, The optimal operating parameters are: micro-electrolysis’s pH value is 2.0-3.0 , quality ratio of carbon versus iron is 1.0, the dosage of iron is 1.0%, reaction time is 4h;the dosage of H2O2 is 5mmol/L, by dropping way, reaction time is 1h.(3)To synthetic wastewater, the removal rate of COD in effluent is 72.14%, CODCr dropped from 143,145mg/L to 39876mg/L.The optimal operating parameters are: micro-electrolysis’s pH value is 3.0, quality ratio of carbon versus iron is 1.0, the dosage of iron is 1.0%, reaction time is 4h;the dosage of H2O2 is 8mmol/L, by dropping way, reaction time is 2h.As a large number of volatile methanol included in synthetic wastewater, distillation can be used before microelectrolysis-Fenton reagent treatment, CODCr from 143,145 mg/L dropped to 5531 mg/L, the total removal rate reached 96.14%, but investment in equipment is high and energy consumption increases, the factory may choose a suitable method according to the actual situation.(4) To mixed wastewater composed of refined alkaline wastewater and synthetic wastewater by a certain percentage, the removal rate of COD in effluent is 82.80%, better than treated alone obviously. In summary, iron-carbon microelectrolysis-Fenton reagent process is characteristic of wide application,high COD removal rate,low running cost,simple equipment,small occupation of land,easy operation,so it has high application value.更多还原