【作者】 陈羽柔；

【导师】 黄水清；

【作者基本信息】 广州中医药大学 ， 中医学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 作为一种艺术形式,音乐不仅为个体提供了审美欣赏的对象,也通过自身的魅力影响着现实社会生活。合适的音乐能陶冶人的情操,丰富人的情感,完善个体人格。同时,音乐所包含的丰富内容也有着迥然不同的特点,不同类型的音乐对人产生的效用也不同。音乐是人类精神生活中的一个最重要的和最具魅力的领域,它伴随着人类的整个历史进程,渗透于社会生活的各个方面,产生、并且还在继续发挥着不容忽视的巨大作用。音乐是人心理活动的产物,音乐实现自己多方面社会功能的方式和途径主要是音响体验、情感感受、想象引导直觉等心理活动;音乐作为重要的社会文化现象之一,对健康能够发挥不可忽视作用,具有治疗效果。我国早在春秋战国时期诸子百家的论著中就有关于音乐心理活动的描述和对某些音乐心理规律及的研究。从关注音乐与自然的联系到重视音乐与人心理、情感的密切联系,研究历时达二千多年:研究成果从古代文献的语录,发展到独立的篇章论述和专门的乐论著作,从理论分析到实践验证;研究领域都大多涉及到了现代音乐治疗学的命题,如音乐与人心理的关系、产生音乐心理现象的生理机制、音乐的心理效能、音乐的社会作用、音乐欣赏心理、音乐表演心理、音乐创作心理、音乐对塑造个体具有完备性格的作用、音乐养生及治疗思想等。特别是五音疗法,反映了传统的“天人合一”思想。五音疗法整合了人与自然、社会的相互作用和影响;体现了对音乐与情绪及脏腑之间的互动关系;突现了音声与人格情志、脏气等的关系。五音疗法匹配了人体的不同脏腑,把五音、五行、五脏、人格配属用于音乐治疗实践。中医理论从产生到发展充满了朴素辩证唯物主义的原创思想,在中医医学术语和论中常常看到辩证唯物主义的内容,中医理论强调天人合一的整体观,整体观是中医论的基础,是古代唯物论和自然辩证法思想在中医的体现,它贯穿于中医生理、病理诊法、辨证、治疗等整个理论体系之中。中医整体观强调人体内外环境的整体和谐、调和统一。乐者,道也。音乐本于“太一”,中医乐疗理论的源头是阴阳五行学说;乐者,治也。音乐是一种和合之气,中医乐疗当属于八法中之“和”法;乐者,意也。音乐治疗的基础来自于音乐、情志、脏气共鸣互动;乐者,药也。用乐如用药,亦有归经、炮制、升降浮沉、寒热温凉、个体差异及不良反应,辨证施乐中比类选曲的方法恰是“同质原理”的要求,可视为用乐的“反佐”。中医音乐治疗基础理论建构存在不少问题有待于进一步阐明,必须以中医理论为指导,总结文献,拓展应用,创新方法,在传统民族音乐的基础上.吸收外来音乐的精华,不断充实和完善中医乐疗曲库,提高临床应用的可操作性和实验研究的规范性,探索自身发展的规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an artistic,music has not only provided the esthetic object,but affected the people in the real life through its own charm.The perfect music can influence person’s sentiment,enrich person’s emotion and perfect audience’s personality.At the same time,music also includes abundant contents.Music of different types has different characteristics and influence.Music is one of the most important and the most glamour field of spirit in human life.It exists in all ways of social life and has huge function that anyone can’t ignore.Music is a kind of production of human’s psychological activity,Music realizes its social functions not by conceptions,judgments,and inferences but by emotion,experience,sense, and intuition;it has the therapy treatment.In China,musical documents concerning description of Mental activity and mental regulation appeared in as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, The thesis of those documents updates from the connection of music and Nature to the one of music and people,which lasted for 2,000 years.The researches cover almost all the scopes the modem musical Psychology is studying,such as the relation of music and Public reason,creation the phsiology mechanism of musical mental state Phenomenon,musical mental effect,musical social function,musical listening mental state,musical perform mental state,musical creations mental state,musical health and treatment,the function of music to mold the complete Personality of individual etc.Chinese ancient culture has its Profuse idea of Music therapy.Especially five-tone therapy reflect the theory of "Heaven and Man combine into an integral whole".Five tone therapy integrate the interaction of the person and society,incarnate the relationship between music and emotion and the zang-organs,which is known as the theory of the five-tones、five elements and five-tang organs.Five-one therapy establishing the diagnostic method based on analogy from sound,emotion and zang-organs,and concering the personality style with the different music.Chinese medicine theory from generation to the development of a simple dialectical materialism of original ideas,Chinese medicine in medical terminology and theory of dialectical materialism often see the content of Chinese medicine theory that the overall concept of harmony between man and nature,the overall concept is the basis of the theory of Chinese medicine,Is the ancient dialectic materialism and natural expression of thought in Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine throughout the physiology,pathology,consultation,Syndrome,the treatment of the entire system.Music is Taoistic,which is originated from "the Essential One" (Tai yi) in Taoism.The theory of music therapy in TCM is based on the Yinyang theory and the five.element doctrine.Music is sanative.It is kind of Qi which promotes the harmony inside.Thus music therapy is in accordance with the "He"(harmony) principle,and is one of the eight principles in TCM.Music is emotional.Music therapyinduces the resonant interaction among music.emotion and organs in the body.Music is medicine.The use of music is the same way as the use of medicine in principle and procedure such as attributive channels,processing,upbearing-downbearing-floating-sinking, cold-hot-warm-cool,individual differences and side effects.The way of selecting music according to diagnosis is right by the request of "Homophile principle",and it is regarded as the "opposite help" by the use of music.Many problems in construction of the theory of music therapy remain open.Under the guidance of TCM theory,we should summarize the literature,expand the applications,and employ innovative methods.It is necessary to enrich and perfect the music database by extracting the excellent national and international music,enhance the maneuverability in clinical practice and the standardization of experimental study,an d find out the intrinsic laws of the development of music therapy.更多还原