【作者】 马莹；

【导师】 何惠宇；

【作者基本信息】 新疆医科大学 ， 口腔临床医学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:建立兔拔牙创剩余牙槽嵴动物模型,研究β-磷酸三钙(β-Tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)支架材料植入对剩余牙槽嵴保存的影响。方法:全麻下完整拔除新西兰大白兔双侧下颌中切牙,一侧牙槽窝内即刻植入β-TCP作为实验组,另一侧不处理作为对照组。术后4、8、12周分别处死动物取材,通过游标卡尺大体测量观察剩余牙槽嵴的长度、宽度、高度的改变;X线摄影观察剩余牙槽嵴内骨小梁变化,扫描电镜观测β-TCP与牙槽嵴骨小梁的结合界面,双能X线吸光光度法检测剩余牙槽嵴骨密度;同时观察剩余牙槽嵴的组织病理学改变。结果:大体测量得出4W、8W、12W实验组牙槽嵴宽度与对照组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);8W与12W时牙槽嵴长度与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);8W与12W时牙槽嵴高度与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。X线摄影显示实验组拔牙创内骨小梁排列致密于对照组;扫描电镜显示骨小梁与β-TCP紧密结合;骨密度检测结果表明在4W、8W、12W时实验组与对照组的差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。剩余牙槽嵴的组织病理学观测发现,拔牙后4w,拔牙窝内骨量明显增加,可见明显的骨沉积线,牙槽窝中的血管网开始变得稀疏,牙槽窝底持续沉积新生骨组织;拔牙后8w,牙槽窝内新生骨继续增加,底部骨小梁继续改建;拔牙后12w,几乎整个牙槽窝被新的骨小梁填充,其中有细小的血管网规则排列,新生骨逐渐成熟同周围牙槽骨界限不清。结论:成功建立兔拔牙创剩余牙槽嵴动物模型,β-TCP支架材料在修复拔牙创牙槽嵴缺损时效果良好,可作为良好的骨替代材料应用于临床牙槽嵴缺损的治疗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objects: To establish a rabbit animal model of alveolar ridge defect after tooth extraction,and to evaluate the impact of immediate implantation ofβ-tricalcium phosphate on preventing the residual alveolar bone. Methods: Under the general anesthesia, the bilateral central incisors of rabbits were extracted, andβ-TCP was implanted immediately on one side as the experimental group, while the other side without implantion as control. Rabbits were killed after 4,8 and 12 weeks.The length, width, height changes of extraction area of both sides were measureed by Vernier caliper .The change of trabecular bone were examined by X-ray . The interface betweenβ-TCP and the alveolar bone were observed by Scanning electron microscopy. The density of residual ridge was detected by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry. The histopathological changes of the alveolar bone were observed on the HE staining.Result: The width of alveolar ridges was significant different between the experimental group and the control group after 4week,8 week and 12 week afterβ-TCP implantation(P﹤0.05).The length of alveolar ridge was significantly different at 8 week and 12week after implation(P﹤0.05). The height of alveolar ridge was significantly different at 8 week and 12week after implation(P﹤0.05).The amount of trabecula bone of experimental group were more than that of the control group showed by X-ray photography. The alveolar bone andβ-TCP combined closely under scanning electron microscope; The density of bone scan showed it was significantly different (P﹤0.05)between the experimental group and control group. Histopathological observation showed that 4w after extraction,bone mass was increasing markedly in the alveolar fossa,the deposition of new bone was continued,vascular network became sparse.8w,new bone grow persistently.12w, the entire alveolar fossa was filled with new trabecular bone,the small vascular network was as the rule,new bone was growing mature, the boundaries between new bone and the alveolar bone is not clear. Conclusion: Rabbit animal model of alveolar ridge defect after tooth extraction was successfully established.β-TCP could effectually repair alveolar ridge defect after tooth extraction , it could be used as a valueable bone substitute material in the clinical treatment of alveolar ridge defect.更多还原