【作者】 肖利亚；

【导师】 乔卫红；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 精细化工， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 由于自然条件(如潮湿空气、酸雨)、工业酸洗、油气井酸化等造成的腐蚀随处可见,而合理使用缓蚀剂是防止金属及其合金在环境介质中发生腐蚀的有效方法。咪唑啉类缓蚀剂是一类低毒、高效、抗高温的酸化缓蚀剂,是当前缓蚀剂的研究热点。本论文选取不同脂肪酸为原料合成了咪唑啉中间体,并对相应结构中间体进行季铵化改性合成了咪唑啉季铵盐,并采用红外光谱和紫外光谱进行了结构鉴定。咪唑啉衍生物结构中的疏水基团、不饱和键和季铵化,以及腐蚀浓度、温度、酸度、腐蚀时间等对缓蚀性能有一定影响。结果表明,亚麻酸咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂能明显抑制金属腐蚀,抗高温效果好,该类化合物在金属表面的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附定理,是自发吸附。探讨了咪唑啉化合物的缓蚀作用机理。论文合成了双(二甲基烷基)烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂,简称为n-2-n·2Br,用红外光谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征,对影响合成双(二甲基烷基)乙撑双季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的因素进行讨论。测定了所合成的系列Gemini型表面活性剂的表面张力γcmc和临界胶束浓度cmc值,对Gemini类表面活性剂在酸性介质中的抗腐蚀效果进行了初步探讨,实验结果表明,所合成的Gemini类表面活性剂具有很好的抗腐蚀性能,在金属表面的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附定理,是自发吸附,最大缓蚀率出现在cmc附近。探讨Gemini化合物的缓蚀作用机理。对所合成的两类缓蚀剂与无机化合物以及有机化合物的协同缓蚀作用进行了研究,筛选出KI与咪唑啉类缓蚀剂有明显的协同作用,缓蚀效果好于工业缓蚀剂CT1-3B。采用静态腐蚀实验、SEM以及激光扫描显微镜对缓蚀效果进行了性能评价,结果表明所合成的缓蚀剂是性能优良的缓蚀剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 Corrosion is prevalent occurring,owing to natural conditions（like wet air,acid rain）,acid pickling,oil field acidizing,and using inhibitors is one of the most efficient methods to prevent corrosion.Imidazoline derivative as a low toxic,efficient and high temperature resistance inhibitor,is a research hot spot at present.In this article a seris of imidazoline is synthesized with different fatty acid,then modified by quaternary ammoniation,and the products are characterized by IR and UV.The influencing factors are studied in corrosion inhibition,such as hydrophobic group,unsaturated bond,quaternary ammoniation.The corrosion conditions are also studied,such as concentration,temperature,acidity,corrosion time,which have an important effect on corrosion inhibition.The results show,linolenic acid imidazoline quaternary ammonium can greatly inhibit corrosion on metal surface and have a effective high temperature resistance. According to Langmuir adsorption isotherm,negative value is calculated for the energy of adsorption indicating the spontaneity of the sdsorption process.The corrosion mechanism is discussed.A series of 1,2-ethane bis(dimethyl alkyl(C_nH_2n+1)ammonium bromide) is synthesized, namely n-2-n·2Br,and characterized by MS and IR.The factors which influence reaction are carried on the discussion.The surface tension of the Gemini surfactantγ_cmc,critical micelle concentration cmc value and inhibiton effect are determined.The result shows good inhibition effect by fitting the experimental data with Langmuir adsorption isotherm,and the inhibition effect reaches maximum at an optimal concentration near CMC（critical micelle concentration）. The corrosion mechanism is also discussed.The synergistic inhibition effect for the two types of compounds synthesized with organic and inorganic inhibitors is investigated.It shows obvious synergistic effect,and the inhibition effect is better than industrial inhibitor CT1-3B.The weight loss measurement,scanning electron microscope and laser scanning microscope are applied to corrosion inhibition evaluation,it is found that the inhibitors have a excellent inhibition performance on metal.更多还原