【作者】 李瑾；

【导师】 王滨；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 应用心理学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病,其复发率较高,显著影响患者及家属的生活质量和心理社会功能,往往抑郁症状得到缓解后,仍会残留社会功能缺损,而这正是疾病复发的常见应激源。近来已逐渐认识到抑郁症的发生,发展及转归与社会心理因素尤其家庭机能密切相关。本研究在我国独特的文化背景下,在国内外移情研究的基础上,通过访谈、文献分析、问卷调查等方法初步编制了抑郁症患者移情问卷,提出并验证了移情的四维度结构模型。本文采用t检验和方差分析的方法揭示了抑郁症患者的移情特征,探索了抑郁症患者的家庭动力特征,并对移情各维度与家庭动力特征的关系进行了相关分析与回归分析,探讨了抑郁症患者的移情各维度对家庭动力特征的预测作用。本研究的主要结论如下:第一、我国抑郁症患者的移情是一个多维变量,它包括认知关注、认知敏感、情感关注、情感敏感四个维度,并且具有良好的信、效度。第二、我国抑郁症患者的抑郁分数与移情能力呈显著负相关,即抑郁程度越重其移情能力越低。抑郁症患者的移情在某些人口统计学变量(如学历、病程、父母文化等)上存在显著差异。在学历上文化程度高的抑郁症患者的移情水平显著高于大专以下文化程度的患者;在病程上,患病一年以下的抑郁症患者的移情显著高于患抑郁症一年以上的患者;父亲文化在大专以上的抑郁症患者在情感敏感和认知敏感上显著高于父亲文化在大专以下的抑郁症患者。第三、抑郁症患者的抑郁分数与家庭动力特征的家庭气氛、个性化、系统逻辑三个维度呈显著正相关。家庭气氛比较沉闷,个性分化程度较低,较少使用“既…又…”思维逻辑,家庭成员对疾病过程的自我责任趋向于认为是“完全的受害者”。第四、抑郁症患者的移情与家庭动力特征存在显著相关,抑郁症患者的移情能力的不同维度对其家庭动力特征具有相对的重要价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Depression is a common psychiatric disease with significant impairments in quality of life and psychosocial function.Efficacy in relieving the core symptoms of depression does not necessarily guarantee efficacy in relieving impaired social function.Recent studies suggest depression is associated with family dynamics.On the basis of Chinese culture background and foreign studies of empathy,using literature analysis,interview method,open questionnaire and questionnaire survey,we proposed the questionnaire of empathy of depression.We developed a four-component construction of empathy.We used the independent sample T test and one-way analysis of variance to analyze the differences of demographic variables in the dimensions of empathy among different depression.We adopted correlation analysis and regression analysis to explore the relationship between the empathy and family dynamics.And we also discussed if the empathy had significant influence on family dynamics.The study reaches conclusions as follows:Firstly,organizing the empathy questionnaire includes fourteen items, and the structure of it is composed of four dimensions:cognitive- concern, cognitive-sensitivity,emotional-concern and emotional-sensitivity.This questionnaire has good reliability and validity.Secondly,depressive score of depression is extremely correlated with empathy.Empathy of depression is different significantly in some demographic variable(such as in educational level,disease course, educational level of parents).Third,depressive score of depression is extremely correlated with family dynamics.The families with depression patients have comparative dull,dreary atmosphere,lower individuation and using less "Both…and…" system’s logic.Fourth,empathy of depression is extremely correlated with family dynamics.Different dimensions of empathy of depression have relative significance to family dynamics.更多还原