【作者】 周婷；

【导师】 于霞；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 行政管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 公共政策的制定是指为了解决某个社会问题而提出的一系列可接受的方案或计划,在政策分析的基础上,进一步论证论和审查备选方案基础上,最后形成正式政策的过程。这个过程主要包括确定政策目标、设计备选方案、评估和选择方案。公共政策的基轴是公共权力与公民的关系。政府作为公共权力的正式代表,在法理上被设定为全体公民委托管理国家公共事务的组织。因此,政府的政策必须以公民为服务对象并对全体公民负责。公共政策制定过程中的公民参与,就是公民直接参与到关系到他们自己切身利益的政府即行政机关制定公共政策的过程中去,使他们能够通过各种有效的途径,充分表达自己的意见,形成合意,对政府公共决策产生积极而有效的影响。本文虽然从视角上看较为宏观,但只是关注特定领域内,即政府公共政策制定过程中的公民参与行为。本文认为当代中国政府公共决策中的公民参与面临着公民参与渠道不足,政府回应力缺乏,制度化程度不高等问题。针对这些问题,论文从公民意识和制度建设等两个方面,探讨和提出了促进我国公共政策制定中公民参与发展和完善的基本思路。笔者认为,就我国目前状况来看,完善公共政策制定中的公民参与首要的是坚持和完善社会主义民主制度,如人民代表大会制度、多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度,同时,要健全和完善公民政治参与的具体制度,如选举制度、听证制度、信访制度、陪审制度等。除了制度建设还要注重公民参与意识的培养和公民素质的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public policy’s formulation is refers to solving a series of acceptable plans which or the plan some social question proposed,in the policy analysis’s foundation,further proves discusses with the examination alternative plan foundation,finally forms the official policy the process.This process mainly includes the determination policy goal, the design alternative plan,the appraisal and the selection scheme.Community policy’s basic shaft is the public authority and citizen’s relations.The government takes the public authority official representative,is established in the legal principle theory of law for all citizen mandatory administration country public affairs organization. Therefore,government’s policy must is responsible take the citizen as the target client and for all citizen.In the Public policy formulation process’s citizen participation,is the citizen participation relates their vital interest the government is directly the Administrative organ formulates in the community policy process,enables them through each effective way,expresses own opinion fully,forms meets one’s satisfaction,has positive and the effective influence to the government public decision-making.Although this article looks from the angle of view comparatively macroscopic, but is only in the attention specific domain,namely in the government community policy formulation process’s citizen participates in the behavior.This article thought in Contemporary China Government public decision-making the citizen participation faces the citizen to participate in the channel being insufficient,the government responds the strength to lack,institution degree not higher question.In view of these questions,the paper from the citizen consciousness and the system construction and so on two aspects,discussed and proposed promotes basic mentality which in our country community policy formulation the citizen participation develops and consummates. The author believed that as to our country present condition,what in the consummation community policy formulation’s citizen participation most important is insisted that with the consummation socialist democracy system,like the National People’s Congress system,the multi-party cooperation and the political consultation system,the regional autonomy for nationalities system,simultaneously,wants perfect and the perfect citizen politics participation concrete system,like electoral system,hearing system,inquiry system,jury system and so on.Must pay great attention the citizen except the system construction the sense of participation the raise and the citizen quality enhancement.更多还原