【作者】 赵荣芳；

【导师】 熊木地；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 船体基座的平面度是影响船舶建造质量的重要因素之一,基座由多个分离的大小不等的平面构成,平面的几何尺寸大,部分可达10米。船体基座加工精度要求很高,通常需采用专用机床进行精密加工,不仅要在机床对基座平面进行加工前和加工完成后进行高精度平面度误差测量,在加工过程中也需要对加工点附近的平面度进行动态的在线测量,便于及时调整相关参数,以确定加工结果是否满足要求。平面度在线测量技术能够将检测和加工集成在一起,实现检测加工一体化,减少了测量时间,可在保证加工精度的前提下大大提高生产效率。由于目前尚无现成的平面度在线测量系统可用,本文结合实际生产的需要,以误差分离技术为理论基础,设计了基于多个电涡流传感器的基座平面度在线测量系统,并根据最小条件原则对测量数据进行评定得出平面度误差值。论文给出了基座平面度在线测量系统的整体设计方案,采用二维频域四点法进行平面度误差分离,与其它误差分离方法相比可从很大程度上减少谐波抑制的发生。采用多个电涡流传感器将位移信息转换成模拟电信号,以高速DSP芯片TMS320VC5416为核心处理器设计了数据采集处理电路,主要包括A/D转换电路、无线传输模块、显示模块和外扩Flash实现自启动等,完成了传感器组信号的A/D转换和误差分离。利用定时器中断方式控制A/D转换的采样频率达到与机床运动同步的目的,分离结果采用无线方式传输至计算机解决了现场连线复杂等问题。在计算机端利用VC设计了基座平面度评定软件,采用基于最小条件评定原则的有序判别算法得出平面度误差值,实现了人机交互。经过实验室初步实验表明该系统的技术途径是可行的,测量精度和效率基本满足要求,达到了预期效果,为后续的现场调试与应用打下了坚实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flatness of hall bases is one of the key factors that affect the construction quality. Hull bases are composed of many flats with different sizes, whose geometry sizes are large, some will amount to 10 meters. Requests to the machining accuracy of hull base are generally high, there usually should use special machine to accomplish the precision machining. High accuracy flatness measurement will take place not only before and after the machining process, but dynamic flatness on-line measurement around the machined points is also necessary during the course, this can be convenient to adjust some related parameters and notarize whether the machining results meet the requirements. The technology of flatness on-line measurement integrates the machining and detecting processes, realize the integration of them, reduces measuring time and greatly increases production efficiency.At present there is not any forthcoming flatness on-line measurement system that can be available, in this paper according to practical needs, take the error separation technique as theoretical basis, and design a flatness on-line measurement system based on several eddy current displacement sensors, and carry on evaluation to the measured dates basing on least condition principle to figure out flatness error value.This paper proposes the whole design scheme of base flatness on-line measurement, using the two-dimension frequency domain four-point method to realize the flatness error separation, which can help decrease harmonic suppression. Use several sensors to convert displacement to analog voltage signal, and design a data sampling and processing circuit taking the high speed DSP chip TMS320VC5416 as the core processor, which include A/D conversion circuit, warless transmitting module, data display module and extend a Flash memory to ensure bootloader. Finish signals’ A/D conversion that from sensors and realize errors separation. Rely on timer interrupt period to control the sample frequency of A/D conversion to realize synchronization with machine. Error separation results are transmitted to computer in a wireless way in order to smooth away the line connecting difficulty. On the computer, design base flatness evaluation software, and figure out the flatness error value using the order discriminate method basing on the least condition principle, realizing human-computer interaction.Preliminary lab experiments indicate that the technique approach of the system is feasible and measuring accuracy and efficiency achieves the expectation effect, which will lay a solid foundation for the subsequent field debugging and application.更多还原