【作者】 刘宏楠；

【导师】 梁中华；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代化城市的高速发展,电梯的需求量越来越大,人们对电梯控制系统的可靠性以及故障的发现与解决都提出了更高的要求。电梯控制系统的微机化及高性能化为检测和诊断系统提供了方便。电梯曳引机由于结构和控制上具有诸多优点,广泛地应用于社会生活的方方面面,特别是在电梯和高精度伺服系统。电梯曳引机的转子位置辨识是电机驱动控制的前提。根据有无转子位置传感器,把控制系统分为两类:一类是带有位置传感器的检测方法,另一类是无位置传感器的检测方法。通过阅读大量的文献,对电梯曳引机的发展、现状和趋势作了一个比较全面而深刻的分析研究,然后对电梯曳引机转子上有无位置传感器检测方法进行了比较,提出采用有位置传感器检测的必要性和依据。论文根据电梯在转子位置传感器的初装角检测中需要用到永磁同步电动机的工作原理、模型、控制方法等,从电梯曳引机结构入手,建立了数学模型,推导出了转矩方程。介绍了电梯曳引机的驱动控制结构与矢量控制,并在此基础上提出了无载二步法检测初装角,然后详细讨论了电梯曳引机与位置传感器的四种安装条件下的二步法检测初装角的表达式。又提出了有载矢量电压法检测初装角,并给出了原理说明。电梯曳引机的顺利启动必须估算出电机转子的初始位置,同时在电机旋转时,仍需检测转子位置,实时更新电机转子位置,减小调速系统误差,提高控制系统精度。使电梯的运行更加平稳,控制程序更加清晰,便于调试和维护。本文为了提高检测精度提出了采用模糊PID控制算法检测电梯曳引机转子位置传感器初装角,并在仿真实验中得到了验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 The market demand of elevators keeps increase as modern cities develop rapidly. Elevator control system is required to get more reliable and its malfunctions are easy to be detected and resolved. The elevator control system’s computerization and high performance make it convenient in detecting and diagnosing the system. There are so many advantages between its structure and control method that it’s widely used in the field of all aspects of social life, especially in elevator and high-precision servo system. The exact rotor position of the elevator traction motor is a pre-request for the driving control system. According to it has the position encoder or not, the driving control system can be divided into tow methods: one is the sensor method the other is the sensor-less method.By reading lots of literature about the elevator traction motor, I have made some comprehensive analysis about its development, present and trend. And then make a compare with position encoder or not. Finally I choose to use the position encoder. At first, I should take account into the structure of elevator traction motor. Secondly, I set up the math model of the elevator traction motor. At last, deduce the torque equation. All of these are base on the performance principle, model and control method of the PMSM in testing rotor position encoder’s initial angle of the elevator. Introduce the drive control structure and vector control of the elevator traction motor, give a new method called No load-Two step to test rotor position encoder’s initial angle. And then talk about the expression of the No load-Two step method on four mount conditions between elevator traction motor and position encoder. Furthermore, put forward vector voltage method with load to test rotor position encoder’s initial angle and give principle explanations.We must estimate the initial rotor position of elevator traction motor at its starting up. When the motor operated, we also test and update the rotor’s position at the same time, decrease the speed system’s error, increase the control system’s precision, makes the elevator more stable and the procedure more clearly, it’s easy to control and maintain. In this paper, we use Fuzzy-PID control method to test rotor position encoder’s initial angle of the elevator, it’s more accuracy than before. At last, we prove it at simulation experiment.更多还原