【作者】 别一鸣；

【导师】 王殿海；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 实施信号交叉口的公交优先是缓解我国大城市交通压力的有效途径之一,而预测公交车从检测器至停车线的行程时间,获取公交车到达停车线时刻则是实施公交信号优先的重要前提。目前关于公交车行程时间预测方面的研究多是从智能公交系统管理角度出发,检测公交车辆线路信息,预测路段行程时间,为公交车的科学调度服务,而从公交信号优先角度进行的相关研究很少。本文以信号交叉口的公交优先为研究背景,对公交车辆信息获取及公交车行程时间预测等若干关键问题进行了研究,论文内容主要有以下几个方面:1)分析了公交信号优先控制的公交信息检测需求,设计了公交信息采集及处理系统的框架结构;在现有车辆检测方法的基础之上,分别提出了基于固定检测器和基于移动检测器的公交信息检测方法;最后针对不同公交信息检测方法设计了公交信息传输流程。2)基于普通信号配时,分别建立了无公交专用道交叉口和有公交专用道交叉口的公交车行程时间预测模型,用以预测公交车到达交叉口停车线的时间。3)分别基于固定检测器和移动检测器方法对公交车行程时间预测模型进行了验证,采用VB语言开发了公交车动态监控程序及行程时间预测程序。实验结果表明,本文所建立的公交车行程时间预测模型具有较高精度及较强的适用性。本文的研究可以为公交信号优先控制提供有力的理论依据与技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bus priority is one signal timing technique that considers the bus benefits. According to information of buses and social vehicles collected by detectors, it allocates the way leave between buses and social vehicles by signal timing technique to realize its strategies. Bus signal priority (BSP) can improve bus speed and its service reliability, which can make great contributions to bus affinity.BSP concludes four aspects, which are bus information detection, bus information disposal, signal timing optimization model and signal timing scheme generation. Bus information detection and disposal are the foundation of BSP, they involve bus information demand analysis, detection methods determine, detectors location optimization and bus information transfer design. All of these have nearly relation with the architecture of priority control system and the optimization method of signal timing. Therefore, there are great significance for researching on bus information detection and disposal.At present, the research fruit about bus information detection and disposal mainly centralized on bus intelligent management, which adopts advanced bus detection technique, and predicting bus travel time between two bus stops for the electronic stops display, all the above research are one part of ATIS. But there are few results about bus information detection and disposal in the view of bus signal priority, so it can not satisfy the demand of BSP.This article analysis the information demands of every BSP pattern firstly, and then designs the architecture of bus information collection system based on the demand analysis. The collection method of bus information is one focal point in this article. By analysis the characteristic of different detectors, we design two detection methods, one is based on double loop plus identify card, and the other one is based on GPS, the design the bus information transfer channel for different bus information detection method.In the aspect of bus information disposal, it needs to provide direct information to bus signal optimization, so the bus travel time prediction from bus detector to stop line is the focal point of this article. We divide bus travel time into two parts, one is the time for waiting for green light start, and the other one is the dissipation time of vehicles in queue in front of the bus. Based on simple signal timing and considering factors such as vehicle volume of the lane, signal timing scheme, vehicle dissipation time and bus arrival time, and establish bus travel time prediction model for intersections with bus land and without bus lane. At the same time, the article also discusses the detectors location methods.The validation of the travel time prediction model is another important issue in this article. At first, we introduce the validation method based on fixed bus detector, and validating the precision of travel time prediction model based on that detection method. Then this article pay great attention on the validation based on GPS data, developing the bus dynamic control program and bus travel time prediction program by VB, and analyses the validation results in detail. Comparative results show that the precision of the model based on fixed detection and GPS does not have significant difference, but it is a trend that adopting GPS in the bus for dynamic management.At last, this article concludes the research results of this article and analysis the expectation of the coming research. All of the research is one part of bus signal priority system, the results can provide theory basis and technique support.更多还原