【作者】 原杰辉；

【导师】 卢文喜；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 水文学与水资源， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文选题于吉林省科技厅发展计划项目《吉林省水库汇水区非点源模拟技术及应用》,研究长春市的主要供水源——石头口门水库汇水流域内的农业非点源污染状况。石头口门水库是长春市及周边县市的主要水源地。目前,石头口门水库汇水流域的农业非点源污染问题已较为严重。对该流域农业非点源污染进行研究,具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。论文选用美国农业部农业研究所开发的非点源污染模型——SWAT模型,将其与地理信息系统(GIS)、数字高程模型(DEM)相结合,对研究区非点源污染进行模拟与研究。在资料收集、野外调查、样品采集及测试分析的基础上,制作流域的DEM图、土地利用类型图与土壤类型图,构建研究区农业非点源污染的空间数据库和属性数据库。运用SWAT模型模拟研究区农业非点源污染,并采用实测数据对模拟进行校验。分别从空间和时间上对农业非点源污染负荷分布进行分析,识别出研究区内农业非点源污染严重的区域。设计典型水文年,对不同降水保证率条件下的农业非点源污染进行模拟和研究。最后,提出适合研究区的管理控制建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the water environment pollution problem is a pervasive pollution problem throughout the world, Non-point source pollution is an important factor in water environment pollution. It is necessary to simulate the Non-point source pollution process and analyze the variartion at temporal and spatial scale, to provide an effective basis for formulate control and management measures of Non-point source pollution. This paper reviews the development of Non-point source pollution study and model, take Shitoukoumen reservoir catchment basin for study area, simulation and research the non-point source pollution problem. Shitoukoumen reservoir is the major water sources of Changchun City and its surrounding counties and cities. At present, the agricultural Non-point source pollution of study area has been very serious.So it has important practical significance and theoretical value to study the agricultural Non-point source pollution at this area.This paper select the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) model developed by USDA-ARS,combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM),then simulation the agricultural Non-point source pollution of study area,the main contents include:1. Preliminary evaluation the Non-point source pollution status of the study area through surveys and analysis, found that the non-point source pollution problem of study area is very serious.In order to protect water quality, It is Great need to study the Non-point source pollution, identify and analyze the key Pollution areas, made protection measures and recommendations.2. Drawing DEM, land-use types and soil type maps of study area,to build the agricultural non-point source pollution spatial database. Search information of study area and model documentation, to build the agricultural non-point source pollution attributes database.3. Take year 2006-2007 for Simulation time, simulation the agricultural Non-point source pollution of study area by SWAT model. Based on DEM, study area was depicted as 23 sub-basins and 103 HRUs. Measured time series stream fiow data were used to ealibrate and verify the model, proved SWAT model applies to the study area.4. Calculation the sediment, nitrogen, phosphorus and other non-point source pollution load of basin.Take years and months as time units, analyze the load distribution at temporal and spatial scale, identify and analyze the key Pollution areas.5. Design typical hydrological years with different rainfall insurance rate (10%, 50%&90%) conditions, simulation and study the agricultural Non-point source pollution of these years.Found that the non-point source pollution is more serious under high precipitation condition.6. Made protection measures and recommendations, suggest improvements for lack of research.更多还原