【作者】 刘超良；

【导师】 张石蕊；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 为了研究大蒜素（allicin）对断奶仔猪生长的影响,本研究选21日龄体重5.6kg左右的断奶仔猪（杜×长×大）84头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复7头,公母比例一致,处理1饲喂基础日粮（对照组）,处理2饲喂基础日粮+0.01%大蒜素（试验组）,处理3饲喂基础日粮+0.07%抗生素（抗生素组）,试验期21 d,测定了仔猪生长性能、腹泻、血清生化指标、血清激素的变化;选择6头体重5.6kg左右的21日龄断奶三元杂交（杜×长×大）仔公猪进行2×3×3复拉丁方试验,测定了大蒜素对断奶仔猪日粮营养物质消化率的影响。结果如下:1)日粮添加大蒜素可提高断奶仔猪生长性能,降低断奶仔猪腹泻率,其效果与抗生素差异不显著。断奶后0～21天,与对照组相比,大蒜素组平均日增重（ADG）提高了14.4%（P＜0.05）,料肉比（F/G）降低了16.8%（P＜0.01）;大蒜素组与抗生素组之间无明显差异。大蒜素组和抗生素组仔猪腹泻率分别为8.93%和7.84%,分别比对照组低45.6%和52.2%。2)与对照组相比,大蒜素显著提高了钙（Ca）的表观消化率（P＜0.05）,也有提高断奶仔猪总能（TE）和磷（P）的表观消化率的趋势。大蒜素组和抗生素组之间仔猪营养物质的表观消化率差异不显著（P＞0.05）。3)大蒜素提高断奶后仔猪血清低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、胆固醇（CHO）、葡萄糖（GLU）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT₃）、游离甲状腺素（FT₄）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、生长激素（GH）含量及FT₃/FT₄,降低血清尿素氮（SUN）含量,提高血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性。大蒜素组血清LDL、CHO和GLU含量在断奶后第7天比对照组高23.9%,38.1%（P＜0.05）,11.4%;第14天高14.7%（P＜0.05）、15.6%、12.0%。断奶后SUN含量升高,大蒜素组和抗生素组低于对照组;各处理血清ALP活性有升高的趋势,ADG越大活性越高。大蒜素组FT₃、IGF-1含量及FT₃/FT₄显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。整个试验期大蒜素组与抗生素组各项指标差异不显著。综上所述,日粮添加大蒜素能调节生长相关激素水平,提高机体消化代谢,减缓应激、降低腹泻率,促进断奶仔猪生长。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effect of allicin on the growth of weaning piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire),84 weaning piglets,which average weight was 5.6kg at 21d of age,were randomly assigned to 3 groups,every group containing 4 replicates with 7 piglets per replicate(the same proportion of male to female).They were fed with different feeds:groupⅠ(control group):basal diet,groupⅡ(test group):basal diet+0.01%allicin,groupⅢ(antibiotic group):basal diet+0.07%antibiotic, The experiment was conducted for 21 days and production performance of piglets, diarrhea,serum biochemical indices,serum hormone levels were determined.Six piglets of boar have been selected to investigate the effect of allicin on the nutrition digestibility using the test design of 2×3×3 Latin square.The results showed that:1) Added allicin can improve growth performance of weaning piglets and decrease their diarrhea ratio,but didn’t have significant difference between the effects of antibiotic and it.In 21 days after weaning,compared with the control group,the average daily gain(ADG) of piglets of allicin group were increased by 14.4%(P＜0.05),the feed/gain by 16.8%(P＜0.01);there were no significant difference between allicin group and antibiotic group.The diarrhea ratio of allicin group and antibiotic group were 8.93%and 7.84%,which were lower than control group by 45.6%and 52.2%, respectively.2) Compared with control group,allicin improved apparent digestibility of calcium significantly(P＜0.05) and there was also the same trend of improving it for total energy and phosphorus.It was not significantly different for nutrition apparent digestibility between allicin group and antibiotic group(P＞0.05).3) Allicin not only raised serum alkaline phosphates activity(ALP),but also increased serum LDL(low density lipoprotein),CHO(cholesterin),GLU(glucose), FT3(free Liothyronine),FT4(free thyroxine),IGF-1(insulin-like growth factor 1), GH(growth hormone) content and FT3/FT4,while decreased SUN(serum urea nitrogen) content.Serum LDL,CHO,and GLU content of allicin group were higher than that of control group by 23.9%,38.1%(P＜0.05),11.4%respectively at the seven day after weaning,and by 14.7%(P＜0.05),15.6%,12.0%at fourteenth day.After weaning,serum SUN content heightened,which of allicin group and antibiotic group was lower than that of control group;serum ALP activity of every group have trend to increasing,and the bigger ADG was,the higher the activity was.FT3,IGF-1 content and FT3/FT4 of allicin group were significantly higher than control group(P＜0.05).In the whole experiment,there was no significant difference for any index between allicin group and antibiotic group.As a conclusion,addition of allicin in diet can adjust growth hormone levels, improve piglets function of digestion and metabolism,release stess,decrease their diarrhea ratio and promote growth of weaning piglets.更多还原