【作者】 吴晶晶；

【导师】 朱月林；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 毛豆[Glycine max（L）Merrill],又称菜用大豆,为一种营养丰富、经济效益高的蔬菜。毛豆主要的生产、消费及出口地区在我国长江中下游和东南沿海地区,它已经成为该地区重要的创收农产品。近年来,土壤盐渍化问题日益突出,严重影响了该地区的毛豆生产,因此研究毛豆的耐盐生理具有重要的意义。目前,国内外已经对野生大豆以及栽培大豆苗期和种子的耐盐生理进行了大量的研究,但对毛豆耐盐生理的研究却鲜有报道。本研究以‘理想95-1’毛豆为试材,采用基质培的栽培方法,比较了结荚期毛豆在NaCl胁迫下叶片及籽粒中有关生理特性的变化,旨在揭示结荚期毛豆对盐胁迫的适应机理,主要研究结果如下:1.研究了100 mmol·L^-1的NaCl胁迫对结荚期毛豆叶片抗氧化酶活性、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量的影响,结果表明:NaCl胁迫后,毛豆叶片的SOD和POD活性均显著上升,其中SOD比POD活性上升幅度大,而CAT的活性却显著下降。NaCl胁迫后,毛豆叶片的脯氨酸含量显著升高,并随胁迫时间的延长呈递增趋势;叶片的MDA含量在NaCl胁迫初期显著升高,并在胁迫后9d达到峰值,随后开始下降。2.研究了100 mmol·L^-1的NaCl胁迫对结荚期毛豆叶片脯氨酸和多胺含量的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫后,毛豆叶片的三种形态腐胺（Put）的含量先升高后下降,而脯氨酸含量在胁迫后期明显的提高,同时不同形态的腐胺（Put）在胁迫后期都有向亚精胺（Spd）和精胺（Spm）的转化的趋势,游离态腐胺（Put）最为明显。3.研究了100 mmol·L^-1的NaCl胁迫对结荚期毛豆抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛含量和毛豆籽粒干、鲜重的影响。结果表明:NaCl胁迫后,毛豆籽粒的干鲜重显著降低;SOD和CAT活性均较对照植株有所下降,其中SOD比CAT活性下降的幅度大;POD活性在NaCl胁迫初期显著升高,并在胁迫后3d达到峰值,随后开始下降,但是始终高于对照植株毛豆籽粒的POD活性;而MDA的含量在处理初期低于对照,但是到了胁迫后6d以后MDA含量显著低于对照。4.研究了100mmol·L^-1的NaCl胁迫对结荚期毛豆多胺含量和脯氨酸的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫后,毛豆籽粒的脯氨酸随处理时间的延长表现出先升高后下降的趋势,且处理植株比未处理植株显著提高;盐胁迫下,处理植株毛豆籽粒不同形态的多胺含量表现出升高的趋势:游离态Spm,结合态Put、Spd、Spm以及束缚态Put、Spd、Spm均显著高于未处理植株。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vegetable soybean [Glycine max （L.） Merrill] is the nutritious vegetable with high profit. It has been a very important agricultural product in the areas where are middle-and-downriver of Yangtze River and south-and-east littoral of China. The areas are also the main areas for production, consumption and export of vegetable soybean. Soil salinization has seriously effected the production of vegetable soybean in their main production areas presently, so it is very important to study the salt tolerance physiology in vegetable soybean. There are lots of studies reported on salt tolerance physiology of G. soja and G. max in seedlings and seeds, but less reported in vegetable soybean. Using ’Lixiang95-1’ as material, we compared the differences between the contrast and the salt stress vegetable soybean in physiological characteristics of leaves and seeds during the pod-filling stage. It helped us to find out the mechanism of vegetable soybean adapting to salt stress during the pod-filling stage. The results of this study were as follows:1. We studied the effects of 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress on activities of antioxidant enzymes, contents of proline and malondiadehyde （MDA） in leaves of vegetable soybean during the pod-setting stage. The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （POD） was significantly increased under NaCl stress, and the former was more significantly, but the opposite was CAT activities. The content of proline was significantly increased under salt-stress, and the longer NaCl stress prolonged the more significantly the contents increased. The content of MDA early was also significantly increased, peaked at the 9th day, and then it came down.2. The effects of 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress on the contents of Pro and PAs in leaves of vegetable soybean during the pod-filling stage. The results showed that the contents of three modal Put were increased firstly and than decreased under salt stress, but the content of Pro was increased significantly. The different modal Put changed to Spd and Spm during later stag, significantly did the free Put content.3. We studied the effects of 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress on activities of antioxidant enzymes, the MDA content, the fresh weight and the dry weight in seeds of vegetable soybean during the pod-setting stage. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight were significantly decreased; the activities of SOD and CAT were decreased under salt stress, and the former was more significant; the POD activity was significantly increased under salt stress early stage, which peaked at the 3rd day and then decreased, but the activity in the salt stress was higher than the contrast; the MDA content in the salt stress is lower than the contrast early, but higher than the contrast after the 6th day.4. The effects of 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress on the content of Pro and PAs in seeds of vegetable soybean during the pod-filling stage. The results showed that , the Pro content was increased firstly then decreased, which was higher in the salt stress than in the contrast; the contents of the three modal PAs were increased in seeds of vegetable soybean under salt stress: the contents of free Spm, conjugated Put, Spd, Spm and bound Put, Spd, Spm were significantly increased under NaCl stress.更多还原