【作者】 刘海龙；

【导师】 马孝春； 代以斌；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地质工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对环境保护和文明施工的日渐重视,非开挖地下管线铺设技术逐渐被人们所接受,并且取得了巨大发展。目前,非开挖技术己经被国际建筑行业公认为一个很有发展前景的分支。本文选择了目前非开挖技术领域内应用效果和发展前景比较好的定向钻进技术作为研究对象,运用理论研究与工程案例分析相结合的方法,对其在复杂地层条件下的应用进行了系统的分析研究,其主要工作内容如下:1.分析定向钻穿越大中型河流的适用范围,分析河相地层定向钻进特点,针对岩石地层、砂卵石地层、砂土地层等复杂地层,总结复杂地层条件下水平定向钻的技术难题,并对施工过程中可能出现的不良影响进行预测;2.对比现有的一些回拖力计算公式,对各种回拖力计算方法进行分析。主要针对在油气管道回拖力计算中较常用的卸荷拱土压力计算法、净浮力计算法、绞盘计算法三种计算方法从基本思路、计算公式和适用范围进行了辨析;3.对上述的三种回拖力计算公式进行改进,并把改进后的公式应用到实际工程中检验。分析对比改进前后公式计算结果的差异,提出应用改进后公式计算的适用条件;4.利用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立管——土接触有限元模型。定量分析计算管道在不同参数如回拖力、管径、壁厚、土特性等变化的情况下,对管线反应的影响程度,寻找其敏感的影响因素。分析管线在回拖力作用下管体各处的应力分布特征,对变形较大的部位提出应对措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing demand on the environmental protection and construction culturally,no-dig (trenchless) technology,accepted and appreciated by the people in all fields,has been made a great development in the past few years.At present,it has been regarded as a very prosperous branch of the construction by the international civil engineering .Based on the analysis about all kinds of no-dig methods,the horizontal directional drilling(HDD) technology,the most efficient and prosperous categories, are selected by the author as research target,the author gives a systematical research on HDD by means of experiment and engineering practice in the complicated condition .The main contents are as following:1. Analysis the application range of HDD while drilling through large and medium-sized rivers,meanwhile, analyzed and classified the main characteristics of fluvial facies .Directing at rock strata,sandy soil strata and cobble gravelly strata,summarizing technical problems of HDD under the conditions of complicated strata,and predicted adverse effects may occur in construction process.2. Based on analyzing and comparison of several kinds of theoretical formula and analyzing the composition and influence factor,mainly targeted at unloading arch soil stress calculation, pure flotation calculation and traveler sprinkling calculations which commonly used in oil and gas pipeline pull strength calculation,from basic ideas,calculation,range application to discriminate.3. Improves a common formula used in calculating pull strength .and the theoretical results are compared with the actual result measured in the field.4. Using the Finite Element Analysis tool ANSYS to create the contact pair between the soil and pipeline. Some factors and parameters effect, such as the force of pulling, the diameter of pipe and the thickness of pipe and the material of soil, etc are analyzed through an example. Some conclusions are drawn. Such as ,the response of the pipeline is unsymmetrical,pipeline is easy damaged at the position of the head of pulling and the Corner of drilling. In the end,the existing problems which need to be studied are discussed briefly and the promising possible future research directions on the subject are suggested.更多还原