【作者】 陈垒；

【导师】 申维；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 针对当前我国应急救灾系统在应急服务中所存在的问题,提出利用移动位置服务技术(Location Based Service,LBS)、遥感技术、地理信息系统技术(Geographic Information System,GIS)和卫星导航定位技术(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)等空间信息技术开发一套基于移动终端的应急救灾系统原型;利用LBS技术平台,快速获得当前灾害发生的位置,确保救灾人员与指挥中心能够实时进行信息传送,并且指挥中心能对每个移动终端的位置进行实时监控,确保了救灾的时效性;利用遥感技术对灾区历史信息和实时信息的快速获取,从中提取灾害的各类信息,同时,将获得的最新遥感图像直接运用于应急救灾系统的移动终端设备中去,携带移动终端的救灾人员就可以实时得知自己所在灾区的具体位置;利用GIS技术对灾害数据进行采集、编辑、更新、存储、管理、空间查询、显示与输出等功能,可有效地用于灾情的预测与监测,同时GIS的地图浏览、空间数据管理、空间分析、地图表达能力体现了GIS技术可视化和时效性的特征;利用GNSS技术提高了灾害管理部门灾情数据的采集与管理能力,提高灾害应急指挥调度工作能力,同时能为灾害评估和防灾减灾辅助决策服务提供有力的支持。本人在对应急救灾系统的具体需求设计基础上,充分运用了LBS技术、遥感技术、GIS技术和GNSS技术等空间信息技术的上述技术优势,在常用的开发环境下设计开发了一套完整的基于移动终端的应急救灾原型系统,主要包括系统总体结构设计、移动终端系统设计、指挥中心平台系统设计、数据标准制定(包括栅格矢量数据标准、元数据标准、通讯协议标准、定位数据交换接口标准)和数据结构设计(包括空间数据结构和属性数据结构),最后通过实例来验证该系统的可行性与有效性,实现了图层管理、GPS管理、数据录入、文件发送和数据采集等功能。通过对该系统的研究发现,基于移动终端的应急救灾系统中所利用的空间信息技术方法能够极大的提高救灾工作的时效性,更多的挽回灾害损失,为确保救灾工作顺利进行提供了一条新的路径和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a result of emergency relief system has a lot of problems in the emergency services and the manner in the present in China. Put forward the use of location based services technology (Location Based Service, LBS), remote-sensing technology, geographic information systems technology (Geographic Information System, GIS) and global navigation satellite systems technology (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS), etc. spatial information technology to develop a emergency relief prototype system based on mobile terminal, the use of LBS technology platform, rapid access to the location of the current disaster, to ensure that relief personnel and the command center can send real-time information, and the command center can real-time monitoring the location of each terminal, to ensure the timeliness of emergency relief; the use of remote-sensing technology rapid access to the affected region of historical information and real-time information, extracted from various types of disaster information, at the same time, the latest remote-sensing images used in emergency relief system of mobile terminal equipment, the workers who carry on mobile terminal can real-time know their location in the disaster area; the use of GIS technology for the affected region data acquisition, editing, updating, storage, management, spatial query, display and output function etc., can be effectively used for disaster forecasting and monitoring, at the same time, GIS map browsing, spatial data management, spatial analysis, reflects the visualization and effectiveness ability of GIS technology; the use of GNSS technology to enhance the disaster management sector to management disaster data collection, and scheduling to improve disaster response command and the ability to work, as well as for hazard assessment, prevention and mitigation services to provide strong support. Based on specific needs in the design of emergency relief system, make full use of LBS technology, remote-sensing technology, GIS technology and GNSS technology advantages, based on the development of in the general environment to develop a emergency relief prototype system based on mobile terminal, including the structure of the main system, the design of the system mobile terminal, the design of the command center system platform, the development of data standards (including the grid and vector data standards, metadata standards, communications protocol standards, positioning data exchange interface standards ) and the design of data structure (including the spatial data structure and attribute data structure), and finally through the example of the system to verify the feasibility and effectiveness, to achieve the layer management, GPS management, data entry, document delivery and data acquisition functions , etc.Through the research of the system, emergency relief system based on mobile terminal can make full use of the advantage of spatial information technology to improve the timeliness of relief work, restore the loss of more disasters, provides a new approach for ensure the smooth progress of relief work.更多还原