【作者】 张雪涛；

【导师】 王晓静； 孙国豪；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着石油化工装置的大型化和复杂化,装置发生事故所导致的经济损失越来越大,造成的社会影响也越来越恶劣。为了提高设备检验与维护的经济性和科学性,降低事故风险和损失,切实保障石化装置的安全运行,传统的基于时间和条件的检验方法已不再适应,企业迫切需要现代的更加科学有效的设备检验方法。于是自20世纪90年代中期以来,基于风险的检测(RBI)作为一种追求安全性与经济性统一的系统检验理念与方法在西方发达国家石化企业得到广泛应用。通过RBI的实施,可以达到优化检验资源配置,节省设备维修管理费用,提高设备检验有效性的目的。本文详细地介绍了基于风险的检测技术(RBI)的基本原理及其实施步骤与方法。在工艺危害性分析及定性RBI基础上,采用RB.eye?软件对独山子石化公司催化装置进行了定量RBI分析,并根据RBI分析结果对装置中的设备和管道进行了风险排序。通过定量RBI分析结果,总结分析出了该装置各关键设备和主要管道的主要损伤模式及其腐蚀失效机理。论文还针对不同设备及其不同风险等级制定了相应的检验策略,并且基于RBI分析结果提出了独山子石化公司催化装置设备生产和管理需借鉴的合理化建议,为独山子石化公司催化装置检验计划和长期检修策略的制定提供了较为科学的方法和理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the increase in the size, complexity, and variety of equipments in petrochemical industry, the loss of resources and its affection in society have been become more serious when an event occurs. In the need of increasingly effective and scientific inspection of equipments in petroleum-chemical engineering, ensure the serucity of petrochemiacal works and decrease the loss deriving from disabled facilities, the old methods of time-based inspections and even condition-based inspections are no longer availability to reduce the frequency of occurrence of event, it has already been strongly concerned about how to apply modern science and technology of security. So the risk-based inspection (RBI) as a concept and methodology for system inspection seeks for unification of safety and economy has been wide application in petrochemical enterprises of Europe and America since middle 1990s. Implementing RBI can achieve optimize the allocation of inspection resource, saving the expenditure of maintaining and managing of equipments, at the same time ensure the effective of the inspection.In this paper, the basic theory of risk-based inspection (RBI) technology and its actualizing steps and methods is introduced in detail. And then RB.eye? software is adapted to conduct quantitative RBI analysis on Catalytic units of DuShanZi Petrochemical Company based on process hazard analysis and qualitative RBI, and risk prioritization is carried out for equipments and pipelines on the plant according to RBI results. Through the results of quantitative RBI analysis, major damage mode and corrosive mechanism are identified for the plant critical equipments and major pipelines one by one. In this paper, the inspection program which offers scientific basis for inspection schedule and strategy was made according to different equipment, piping and different risk classes. And based on analysis of RBI, several useful advices of production and management are proposed, its provide scientific methods and theory gist for establishment of inspection schedule and inspection strategy extended on Catalytic units of DuShanZi Petrochemical Company.更多还原