【作者】 刘冕；

【导师】 汪宝和；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工艺， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 主要对二氯代甲氧基苯的合成工艺与合成动力学进行了研究。确定了以1,2,4-三氯苯和甲醇钠为原料制备二氯代甲氧基苯的工艺路线,系统地研究了原料配比、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂用量等因素对反应的影响,通过L₉（3⁴）安排试验,得到了1,4-二氯-2-甲氧基苯优化工艺条件:n（1,2,4-三氯苯）:n（甲醇钠）=1:1.3,反应温度90℃,反应时间120min,溶剂质量百分比含量为140%。在优化的条件下,产物收率达到74%以上。在相同物料配比、相同的溶剂用量、不同的反应温度条件下,测定不同反应时间时1,4-二氯-2-甲氧基苯（U）、1,2-二氯-4-甲氧基苯（V）、2,4-二氯-1-甲氧基苯（W）的产率和1,2,4-三氯苯的含量,以此确定动力学方程中的待定参数。通过分析反应温度为353.15K、358.15K、368.15K、373.15K、378.15K、383.15K时的产物含量,确定该反应为一级反应。得到的动力学方程为:得到主反应活化能为70.329kJ·mol^-1。实验数据验证表明:动力学方程能较好与实验数据相吻合,实验值和计算值的平均相对误差约为2.08%,该动力学方程比较准确描述在优化工艺条件下的反应过程。采用气相色谱对1,2,4-三氯苯和甲醇钠的反应产物进行了定量分析,通过红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振波谱对1,4-二氯-2-甲氧基苯的结构进行了表征,对合成1,4-二氯-2-甲氧基苯的反应机理进行了探讨,认为1,2,4-三氯苯和甲醇钠的反应机理属于SN2亲核取代反应。更多还原

【Abstract】 The synthesis and kinetics of dichloromethoxybenzene were studied in this paper. dichloromethoxybenzene was synthesized with 1, 2, 4-trichlorobenze and sodium methoxide as raw materials. Factors that had effect on the product’s yield, such as material’s ratio, reaction temperature, time and solvent were systematically studied. By L₉（3⁴） arrangements test, the optimal process conditions of 1, 4-dichloro-2- methoxybenzene were obtained, which were at a n（NaOCH₃）/n（1, 2, 4-TCB） ratio of 1.3, a reaction temperature of 90℃, a reaction time of 120min and solvent percentage of quality 140%. At the most optimal conditions, the product yield was over 74%.The 1, 4-dichloro-2-methoxybenzene’s（U）, 1, 2-dichloro-4-methoxybenzene’s（V）, 2,4-dichloro-1-methoxybenzene’s（W） yield and the content of 1, 2, 4-trichlorobenze were determined at the same raw materials’ ratio and solvent but different reaction temperature conditions so that the kinetics parameters could be determined. The reaction series at different reaction temperatures（353.15K、358.15K、368.15K、373.15K、378.15K、383.15K）are 1, so it can be determined as the first, and the kinetic equations are, and the value of the main activation energy obtained is 70.329kJ·mol^-1. It’s showed by the experiment’s verifying that kinetic equations can match well with the experimental data and the average relative error of the experimental and calculated values is about 2.08%, while the optimum conditions of the reaction process can be accurately described by the kinetic equation. The products of the reaction were analyzed by GC. The structure of 1, 4-dichloro-2-methoxybenzene was identified by IR, MS and 1HNMR. The possible mechanism of the reaction was also discussed, which is classified as S_N2 nucleophilic substitution reactions.更多还原