【作者】 广翠；

【导师】 李鑫钢；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国的车用汽油约80%来自FCC轻汽油(催化裂化汽油),其中烯烃含量非常高,很难达到车用汽油烯烃含量小于35%(体积分数)的标准,因此如何经济合理地降低FC轻汽油中的烯烃含量而又不降低辛烷值,是当前亟待解决的工艺技术问题。采用反应精馏技术进行轻汽油醚化是实现上述目标的有效途径。反应精馏是指集反应、分离于一体的一种新的化工过程,与传统的固定床反应技术相比具有很多优点,因此对轻汽油醚化的反应精馏技术的研究具有重要意义。本课题首先对反应精馏技术中的关键问题——催化填料进行了研究。在明确现有催化填料不足的基础上,从两种不同的思路入手,研制出了新型的催化填料,并通过流体力学实验证实。与传统的催化填料相比,所研制的新型催化填料具有制作简单、比表面积大、流通效果好等优点,同时可调节催化剂的填充量和填充密度,实现较大的塔内床层空隙率和较小的压降,从而提高了塔的生产能力,并且催化剂装卸方便,工艺上容易实现。其次,本课题采用所研制的新型催化填料进行了轻汽油醚化反应精馏过程的实验,考查了各种因素对轻汽油醚化的影响,通过理论与实验相结合,找到了醚化的最佳工艺条件,同时也检验了所研制的新型催化填料的催化分离性能。最后,本课题应用流程模拟方法对轻汽油的醚化过程进行了计算模拟,并将模拟值与实验值进行了对比,结果基本吻合,证实了在模拟过程中所采用的模型参数的正确性,从而可以为进一步实验及工业放大提供指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 About 80%of the gas used in cars comes from the FCC light gasoline,which contains a high concentration of olefin,the concentration of olefin in FCC light gasoline is difficultly meet the standards which limits the proportion of olefin less than 35%in volume base,so,how to reduce the olefin concentration reasonably and at the same time not reduce the octane number of gas,is a important technology problem to be resolved.It is a effective way to realize the aim above to eherify FCC light gasoline by Reactive Distillation,Reactive Distillation is refered to one new chemical process which combines the reaction and the distillation.Compared to the traditional fix-bed technology,the Reactive Distillation technology has superiorities, so,the researchment of Reactive Distillation has important significance.Firstly,one key problem in reactive distillation-the catalytic packing has been studied.After knowing about the defects in current catalytic packing clearly,started from two different thinking,and at the end,invented new catalytic packing.Then,the experimental on fluid hydrodynamics has been done,and the result has proved that compared with current catalytic packings,the new one has several superiorities as: simpler making;bigger surface area;better flowing.Also,the new packing was adjustable at the catalyst amount and catalyst density,guaranteeing bigger bed-gap ratio and smaller pressure-drop at the same time,so to improve the production capacity of the column,and what is more,in the new packing,catalysts is more easy to fill in and out,more easy to do technological operation.Secondly,experimental on reacted distillation has been done using the new packing that has been invention,by that,the effects of feed location,reaction temperature,alcohol/olefin ratio and reflux ratio on conversion rate have been studied by that,and reasonable results are obtained by integrating theory with experiment,and at the same time,the catalytic-separation performance of the new packing has been tested.At last,the process simulation has been done used by simulation software-aspen plus.Compared the simulation data with the experimental data,showed that the simulation data and the experimental data anastomoses basically.So The validity of the model is verified and thus can provide guidance for further experimental and industrial scale-up.更多还原