【作者】 林鸿洸；

【导师】 李林安；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 列车通过桥梁时将引起桥梁结构的振动,而桥梁的振动又反过来影响车辆的振动,这就是车桥耦合振动问题。随着现代列车速度的不断提高,桥梁结构在铁路线路中的大量使用,高速铁路车桥耦合振动问题的研究就变得越来越重要。因此,车桥动力学问题也越来越受到学术界关注,有必要对列车过桥的车桥耦合振动问题进行分析。本文在对国内外车桥动力相互作用问题的发展历史和研究现状进行综述的基础上,运用车辆、桥梁耦合大系统的思想,建立了车桥耦合三维动力学模型,编制了分析软件,研究了列车对高速铁路桥梁的影响。主要研究内容包括:1.建立了车桥耦合动力分析模型。将车桥耦合系统分解成三个子系统:车辆子系统、桥梁子系统和轮轨子系统。针对车辆子系统,以具有二系悬挂的四轴车为主要分析对象,将车体、转向架、轮对简化为刚体,建立了车辆空间振动分析模型。针对桥梁子系统,用有限单元法建立了桥梁的动力分析模型,并且用达朗贝尔原理推导了桥梁动力学方程。针对轮轨子系统,介绍了轮轨接触几何关系,详细介绍了针对任意形状的迹线搜索法。求解轮轨间的相互作用力时,垂向处理为Hertz非线性弹性接触,横向则用蠕滑理论求解,并用迭代法来确定轮轨力。2.介绍了车桥耦合的具体过程,推导了车辆外力和桥梁等效节点力具体形式。推导了求解车桥振动微分方程组的方法——Newmark-β法和Wilson-θ法。介绍了用迭代法求解车辆和桥梁耦合动力学方程的思想和具体过程,本文选用力收敛准则作为终止迭代循环的判据。编制了车—桥动力分析程序并介绍了程序具体实现过程。3.编制了车桥耦合动力分析软件(TBDCA)的计算核心部分。介绍了软件的结构、功能、以及主要操作界面,并建立了具体车桥模型对软件计算结果进行了验证。4.简要分析了耦合系统中列车桥上走行性。建立简单模型,研究了列车速度、轨道不平顺幅值、轨道不平顺周期等因素对车桥系统耦合振动响应的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The train running on the bridge can cause the vibration of the bridge and the vibration of the bridge can in turn affect the motion of the train. This is called‘vehicle-bridge coupling vibration’. With the speed of trains increasing and the bridge structure being employed in the high-speed railway, to study the dynamic interaction between trains and bridges becomes more important. Thus, more and more attention is paid to research on vehicle-bridge dynamic analysis and it is necessary to analyze the‘vehicle-bridge coupling vibration’.Based on the general study of historic and current researches in China and abroad in the field of train-bridge interaction system, using the coupling thought of vehicle and bridge, the dynamic interaction model of the train and high-speed railway bridge is established and the analysis software is programmed in this thesis. Besides, the effects of trains on the high-speed railway bridges are studied. The main content is as following:1.The dynamic analysis model for vehicle-bridge coupling system is established in this paper. The vehicle-bridge coupling system is divided into three subsystems: the train subsystem, the bridge subsystem and the wheel-track subsystem. For the train subsystem, four-axle rolling stock with two stage suspension is the central object being studied and a space vibration analysis model constituting of such rigid bodies as carriage, bogie frame and wheel is built. The dynamic analysis models are established. For the bridge subsystem, the dynamic analysis model for bridge structures is established, using the finite element method. And the dynamic equations of the bridge structures are derived, using the D’Alembert principle. For the wheel-track subsystem, the detailed geometric relation of contact and the trace method to the arbitrary profile are given in this paper. In the determination of the wheel-rail forces, the vertical interaction is treated by the nonlinear interaction elastic Hertz contact, and the horizontal interaction is treated by the creep theory. The wheel-rail forces are calculated by the iterative procedure.2.The procedure of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration is given; the forms of the external force and the equivalent node force of bridge are deduced in this paper. The methods (the Newmark-βmethod and the Wilson-θmethod) which are used to solve the oscillatory differential equations of train and bridge system are deduced in this paper. The dynamic equations of the vehicle and the bridge are solved through the iterative procedure. In this paper, the force-convergence-criterion is selected to end the iterative loop. The train-bridge dynamic analysis program is worked out and the process how the program works is introduced in this paper.3 . The analysis software for vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system is introduced in this paper. The structure, the function and the interface of the software is introduced in this paper. And the definite train and bridge models are built in this paper in order to text the software4.The train runnability on the bridge is analyzed concisely. The simple model of vehicle and the bridge is built in order to study the effect of train running speed, the amplitude of the track irregularity and the period of the track irregularity on coupling vibration response of the train- bridge system.更多还原