【作者】 王春光；

【导师】 刘邦惠；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 应用心理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济社会的发展,应对方式的研究越来越多地进入到专家学者的研究视野中,但大部分研究都集中于正常人群中,对于罪犯等特殊群体的应对方式的研究少之又少。近年来,青少年犯罪形势越来越严峻,有研究表明,犯罪青少年在面对犯因性情景时采取的应对方式影响着其犯罪行为,所以有必要研究犯罪青少年的应对方式的特点。以往对犯罪青少年应对方式的研究大多采用问卷调查的形式,但研究所使用的测量工具是针对普通人群的,缺乏专门针对犯罪青少年应对方式的测量工具。因而,本研究的目的是编制适合我国犯罪青少年应对方式特征的问卷,并用此问卷对犯罪青少年的应对方式特征进行初步研究。本研究在文献综述和理论分析的基础上,结合开放式问卷调查的结果,将犯罪青少年应对方式定义为:犯罪青少年在面对犯因性情景时认知和行为上的调动,以来平衡自身紧张状态而采取的措施。犯罪青少年的应对方式是一个过程,包括了应对意向、应对评价、应对行为三个结构。应对意向是青少年犯罪人应对方式的一种预先的认知状态,它是相对稳定的,指导着青少年犯罪人的应对行为表现。应对评价是指违法犯罪青少年在实施违法犯罪等应对行为前后对自己的行为价值或意义所赋予的评判和主观体验。应对行为是应对方式的一个重要组成部分,它是青少年犯罪人应对方式的外在具体行为表现,是在犯罪青少年应对认知和评价影响下所表现出的外在行为。三个结构彼此联系,共同构成了犯罪青少年的应对方式。在此基础上,编制了犯罪青少年应对方式初测问卷,对239名犯罪青少年进行了测试;通过对初测问卷的修订和因素分析,最终编制出犯罪青少年应对方式正式问卷,验证其信度和效度,并对犯罪青少年应对方式特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)犯罪青少年应对方式量表编制符合心理测量学的要求,具有良好的信度、效度。通过探索性因素分析得到犯罪青少年应对方式可以分为应对意向、应对评价和应对行为三个分量表。其中,应对意向分量表包括霸道、虚荣心两个维度;应对评价分量表包括有面子和刺激评价维度;应对行为分量表包括感觉寻求行为、敌视攻击行为两个维度。(2)犯罪青少年的应对方式在违法犯罪次数、犯罪类型、家庭环境等变量上有着显著性差异;在年龄、性别等人口学变量上也存在着显著性相关,故在预防和矫正青少年犯罪行为中,应结合其应对方式特点而采取相应的预防和矫正手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of society and economic,more and more researches of the coping way that replies a way enters to the research visual field of expert’s and scholar’s,But greatly part of researches are concentrated on normal crowd,the researches of the coping way for the special community as the criminal are much less.In recent years,the situation of callens’crime is more and more rigorous,researches illuminate that criminous callans while facing to the scene which maybe brings on crime adopting the coping way will influence their criminal offence.So it is necessary for analysing the characteristics of the coping way of criminous callans.Anciently,the research to criminous callans’coping way mostly adopts the way of questionnaire,But the metrical tools that the research used were to aim at common crowd,Lacking to the exclusively metrical tool aim at criminous callans’coping way.As a result,the purpose of this research is to develop the questionnaire of criminous callans’coping way that suits for our country’s characteristic,and use this questionnaire for analysing the characteristic of criminous callans’coping way.This research based on literature summarize and theoritical analysis, combining the result of the open-ended questionnaire,defining "criminous callans’coping way" as "criminous callan while facing to the scene which maybe brings on crime manoeuvres on cognize and behavior,in order to balance oneselfs nervous state to adopt measures".Criminous callans’coping way is a process,including three structure:coping intention、 coping evaluation and coping behavior.The coping intention is a kind of advance cognizing state,It is oppositely stable,guiding the coping behavior performance of criminous callan.The coping evaluation is the giving judgement and the subjective experience of one’s behavior value or meaning that criminous callan before or aider carrying out illegal coping behavior.The coping behavior is an important constitute part of coping way.It is the outside concrete behavior performance of criminous callans’coping way,and is the outside behavior cognition influenced by criminous callans’coping cognization and evaluation.Three structure contact each other,together constitute criminous callans’coping way.Based on this foundation,we developed primary questionnaire of criminous callans’coping way,carried on a test to 239 criminous callans;Through emendation and factor analysis to the primary questionnaire,we drawed up the formal questionnaire of criminous callan,Verified its reliability and validity,and analysed the characteristic of criminous callans’coping way.The results of the study show that:(1)The development of criminous callans’coping way matches the request of psychometrics,attaining satisfactory reliability and validity. Through the explorary factor analysis,we get the criminous callans’coping way,including three part-questionnaire:coping intention、coping evaluation and coping behavior.Among them,coping intention questionnaire includes two dimensions:arbitrariness、peacockery;Coping evaluation questionnaire includes the dimension of having the face and incitement evaluatement; Coping behavior questionnaire includes two dimensions:sensation seeking behavior、hostile and assaulting behavior.(2) Criminous callans’coping way has distinct difference on criminous times、criminous type、the family environment variables and otherwise,also having distinct correlation on age、gender variables and otherwise.Thus, the prevention and the correcting of callans’criminal psychology should combine with the characteristics of criminous callans’coping way for adopting correspond preventing and correcting means.更多还原