【作者】 钱定军；

【导师】 张卫钢；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 为了适应城市交通的发展趋势,提高交通管理的技术水平和道路通行能力,以嵌入式系统和可编程逻辑为核心技术,设计了一台包括一块背板和四块功能板(CPU板、电源板、信号灯相位驱动板、车辆检测器板)在内的智能交通信号机。信号机采用嵌入式工控机PC104和可编程逻辑作为控制板的核心,PC104主要完成信号机系统控制、数据管理、交通状况分析、交通状况预测和人工干预方案下载,定期将交通路口状况信息通过TCP/IP协议上报中央控制服务器和区域控制服务器,服从全局协调管理,并根据路口实际交通流情况自行实施决策方案,控制交通路口信号灯的切换。单片机主要完成车辆检测板的数据采集、数据分析、数据通讯。将环形线圈检测到车流信息通过信号调理电路和切换电路传送到单片机的计数单元,单片机通过对计数单元的数据分析,判断车辆通过情况,实时把检测到的车流信息通过并口传送给PC104主控板。可编程逻辑主要实现PC104 ISA总线的扩展、背板和功能板的交互逻辑、地址译码逻辑、控制总线逻辑、数据总线驱动、硬件看门狗、RS-232串口通信模块扩展等功能。嵌入式CPU-PC104以其丰富硬件资源、大容量的存储空间、高速处理的能力、界面友好的操作系统,使得信号机在运行复杂的交通控制算法,友好交互人机界面的时候显得游刃有余。同时系统采用可编程逻辑完成总线的扩展,由于其高度集成化、低功耗、可重构性和可靠性,大大缩小了信号机电路的规模,降低了系统的复杂度及功耗,方便了系统功能的扩充和升级,提高了系统运行的稳定性和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to adapt the city intelligent transportation development trend, enhance the technological level of traffic management and road traffic capacity, A intelligent traffic signal machine has been designed by embedded system and programme logic device, included a back circuit and four function circuits (CPU circuit, power circuit, lights phase drive circuit, vehicle detector circuit).Traffic signal machine has been made up of embedded computer PC104 and programme logic device as the core of control circuit.PC104 main has completed system control, data management, traffic analysis, traffic forecasts.At the same time it has downloaded the manual intervention programmes and reported traffic situation information to the central control server and regional control server through the TCP/IP protocol. PC104 has been subjected to the overall coordination and management. PC104 has completed the decision-making programme implementation and controled traffic lights junction switch in term of actual traffic situation.MCU main has completed data collection, data analysis, data communication. These information has been sent to the microcontroller count unit through signal adjust circuit and switching circuit.MCU has analysed information in count and has sent Real-time traffic information to the control circuit through the parallel bus.Programme logic device main has completed PC104 ISA bus expansion, back and cross fun- ctional logic, address decoding logic, control bus logic, data bus driver, hardware watch- dog, RS 232 serial communication expansion and so on.Embedded CPU-PC104 has been taken as dominative controller of traffic signal machine, it has made machine can run complex traffic control algorithms, friendly and interactive human-machine interface because of rich hardware resources, large-capacity storage, high-speed processing capacity, user-friendly operating system. At the same time programme logic device has been used to complete the bus expansion, system fuctions expansion and improve the stability of the system beacause of high integration, low power consumption, high reliability and reconfiguration.更多还原