【作者】 刘亮；

【导师】 许宏科；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的高速发展,城市化进程不断加快,城市交通量迅速增长,交通需求急剧增加,交通拥堵时常发生,由此引起交通事故频发、能源消耗激增、环境污染不断加剧,进而制约整个城市的经济发展,缓解交通拥堵问题己迫在眉睫。信号交叉口是城市交通的关键。在信号交叉口,相交道路上运行的不同交通流在此选择和变换运行方向,是交通流的集散点。信号交叉口交通流运行顺畅与否,将影响整个城市的交通运行状况。因此,信号交叉口交通控制的好坏是能否解决交通拥堵问题的关键。我国城市信号交叉口,由于交通设施建设滞后以及管理措施不够完善等原因,机动车、非机动车、行人在交叉口内混行,造成交叉口交通秩序混乱、车速下降、延误增加、交通安全性降低。因此,研究信号交叉口混合交通流特性,并在此基础上进行合理的交通控制,对缓解城市交通拥堵具有重要的意义。本文首先概述了交叉口交通信号控制参数及其之间的关系,给出了各参数的计算公式,简要论述了交通信号控制评价指标,并对交通信号控制方式进行了分类介绍。接着对信号交叉口各种交通流的交通特性和交通冲突进行了分析。在此基础上,总结提出了机动车、非机动车、行人的渠化优化设计方案和交叉口渠化设计流程。总结提出了机动车、非机动车、行人的信号相位优化方案,研究了信号控制与交通渠化组合设计优化,并提出了3种典型的方案。总结了传统的信号配时计算公式,提出了自行车两次绿灯法绿灯间隔时间计算公式,行人专用相位绿灯时间计算公式。最后结合具体实例——西安市大差市交叉口,通过实地调查研究,分析其存在的问题,针对性地提出信号控制与交通渠化组合设计优化方案,使用仿真软件vissim对优化方案进行仿真并评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the high-speed development of our country’s economy and the speed-up of urbanization, urban traffic flow is growing rapidly, the demand for traffic facilities is growing drastically and traffic jams have become a common phenomenon. All these lead to high traffic accident rates, drastic growth of energy consumption and severer environment pollution. Further they hinder economic development of the whole city. Thus, relieving the traffic jam is well on the agenda.Signalized intersection is the key of urban traffic. At the signalized intersection, different traffic flow, previously driving on roads which meet on the intersection, first choose their new direction and then change their flow direction. These intersections compose the meeting-up and dismissing points of the traffic flow. The smooth working of traffic flow at signalized intersections will affect a city’s whole traffic flow condition. Thus the quality of traffic control at signalized intersection is the key for the solving of traffic jams.In our country for the reasons of traffic facility construction’s lag and the imperfection of the corresponding management measures, motor-vehicles, non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians drive in the intersections at the same time. This leads to the traffic disorder of the intersection, slow down of the vehicles, the increase of the delay and the reduction of traffic safety. So researching the character of mixed traffic flow at the intersection and the conduction of reasonable traffic control based on the research mean a lot to the release of urban traffic jam.This paper first summarizes traffic signal control parameters and their relations, telling the calculation formula of each parameter, stating briefly traffic signal control evaluation indexes and introducing traffic control means.Then this paper analyzes different traffic characters and traffic conflict at the intersections.Based on this, this paper puts forward the optimized traffic channelization design for motor-vehicle, non-motorized vehicle and pedestrian respectively as well as intersection channelization design process.The optimized signal phase plans for motor-vehicle, non-motorized vehicle and pedestrian are summarized. Based on the research for integrated optimization of signal control and traffic channelization, 3 typical plans are put forward.Traditional calculating formulas for signal timing are summarized. The calculating formulas of green interval of tow green light law of bicycle and green time of phase for pedestrian are put forward.At last, a case—Xi’an Dachai Shi intersection, is introduced. By analyzing this case, integrated optimization plan is put forward. Simulation as well as evaluation of this plan is conducted with the use of simulation software—VISSIM.更多还原