【作者】 耿攀；

【导师】 车胜创；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 振动机械在工程应用中,由于振动能量没能被工作介质完全吸收因此造成了能源的浪费。针对振动机械存在的能源浪费问题,本文根据振动机械和冲击机械在启动阶段消耗功率最大和受有势力作用的特征,在求证功率方程时,将其系统中存在的有势力分离出来,结合有势力的做功以及系统动能变化率最小等情况研究振动机械的节能问题,提出了基于势能为常量的机械节能设计原理。该原理阐述了在振动机械中存在有势力时,使有势力构成平衡力系或平衡状态力系能够达到节能的目的。同时分析得出:振动能量不能被工作介质完全吸收,造成的能源浪费不仅与振动机械振体的运动形式有关,而且与惯性激振器输出的激振力、激振力偶(平面、空间)以及机架的振动密切相关。振动筛分机械的生产率和筛分质量已经成为提高高速公路的施工进度和施工质量的瓶径,同样存在着能量的浪费问题,本文在论证了基于势能为常量的机械节能设计原理正确性的基础上,针对筛分机械存在的能源浪费问题把此节能原理应用到筛分机械中,使筛分机械的激振器构成平衡状态有势力系,满足势能为常量的条件,进行振荡筛的设计,在改变惯性激振器输出激振力为激振力偶的同时将筛体的振动变为振荡,通过对试验样机的理论分析与计算,得出振荡筛在节省能量方面相比传统振动筛有较大优势。通过理论分析和试验测量初步得出:实现惯性激振器系统势能为常量、振体(筛体+弹簧)系统势能为常量、系统动能变化率最小的节能技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 In engineering applications,because the service medium hasn’t absorbed all vibration energy of vibration machine,there is a energy-wasting problem. Aimed at the energy-wasting problem in the vibration machine, according to the character that vibration and impact machine consume the most power in the start moment and receive potential force, at the time of asking for the power equation, separated the potential force from the machine system, researched the energy-saving effect combining with the effect of potential force. Introduced a new principle of machine energy-saving design, based on the potential energy as a constant. The principle indicates if there are potential forces in the vibration machine, making the potential force be a balance system can reach the purpose of saving energy, at the same time came to the conclusion that vibration energy can’t be fully absorbed by service medium,the energy-wasting is not only related with the movement form of vibration machine but also excitation form and the vibration of the work.The productivity and the screening quality had seriously affected the highway’s rate of progress and the construction quality, Vibration sieve also had the energy-wasting problem. After proving the validity of machine energy-saving design, applied the principle in vibration sieve in order to resolve the energy wasting problem. Made vibration exciters to be a balance system of potential force, satisfied the condition potential energy to be constant to design the oscillation sieve. Changed the output of vibration exciter from force to moment, at the same time changed the movement form of vibration sieve from vibration to oscillation. The conclusion that oscillation sieve is better than vibration sieve in the effect of saving-energy by analyzing the testing vibration sieve can be gained.By theory analyzing and testing, the energy-saving technology can be realized which need to be satisfied vibration exciter to be a balance system of potential energy、the equipment to be a balance system of potential energy and the rate of kinetic energy to be the least.更多还原