【作者】 刘宇翔；

【导师】 薛锦云；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 教育技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 软件的可靠性差和开发效率低一直是困扰软件产业界的两大难题,软件开发的形式化与自动化方法被认为是克服这两大难题的有效方法。PAR方法就是一种简单实用的软件形式化方法。在开发过程中充分利用PAR方法的自动转换特性,能够有效的节省应用程序开发过程中编写和调试代码的时间,减少软件测试过程,提高系统的开发效率。因此,有必要通过远程教学平台进行PAR方法的推广和普及。然而,传统的远程教学平台多是基于B/S的结构,这种结构自身存在技术缺陷,在此基础上开发的远程教学软件无法满足PAR方法教学的要求。针对这些缺陷,本文引入了Smart Client(智能客户端)结构,以此为基础设计了一种新的远程教学系统的模型。基于Smart Client的远程教学系统能够将PAR方法更直观的展现给学习者,提高学习者学习PAR方法的兴趣,有助于学习者规范地设计出高质量的代码。本文对PAR方法及PAR平台进行了简要的介绍,深入研究了智能客户端体系结构及其在远程教学平台中实际应用方案。在智能客户端体系结构的支撑下,以PAR方法作为主要教学内容,结合建构主义等学习理论,提出了一个多层次多组件的软件框架模型,并给出了系统关键功能的部分实现代码。本研究提供了解决传统远程教学平台弊端的新途径,并使形式化软件开发方法得到了很好的推广和应用,是PAR方法应用研究的延伸,也是国家自然科学基金项目“基于PAR方法的算法设计形式化和自动化研究”(项目编号:60273092)的理论成果在程序设计教学实践中的具体应用。本研究主要做了如下创新:1、从提高软件的生产率和可复用率的角度出发,本文提出了一个多层次多组件的软件框架模型。系统模型中的每一层都可以进行独立的设计与维护。2、引入的Smart Client技术可以解决传统的远程教学系统所存在的弊端。3、尝试将PAR方法的一系列程序自动生成软件整合为该教学系统的组件,并通过ClickOnce实现这些教学组件的无接触部署。4、设计了具有离线操作功能的智能客户端应用程序,在脱机学习和网络考试中能够得到很好的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The poor reliability of software and low efficiency of development are the two main problems of software industry. Formalization and automatization in software development have been viewed as the effective ways to solve the two main problems. PAR method is a simple and practical method of formal development. It can automatically transform algorithm specification to abstract program and abstract program to executable program. So it can partly realize the software development automatization. The characteristics can be fully used to the process of developing software. It helps to saving time of coding and debugging the program, reducing the processes of software test. The efficiency of development also has greatly improved. So it is necessary to popularize the PAR method by distance education system.However, the traditional distance education platforms mostly base on the structure of B/S. The structure of B/S exists some technical defects,the traditional distance education base on B/S can not be competent for the instruction of PAR method. Aim at these limitations of the traditional distance education systems, this thesis introduces the structure of Smart Client, and design a new kind of distance education system framework model. The distance education system base of the smart client structure can present the PAR method to learner more intuitionistic, improve the interest of students studying the PAR method. It is good for the learner writing the high quality code.This thesis introduces the PAR method and PAR platform briefly. It does the research on the architecture of Smart Client and discusses the application scheme of the distance education system based on Smart Client. On the basis of the architecture of Smart Client, combine with the learning theory such as Constructivism, put forward a software model which has multi-level and multi-component. The code of realize the critical functions is also given.This research gives the new approach to solve the problems of traditional distance education system, and it helps to popularize the formalized methods in software development. It is the extension of PAR method application research. The system also is specific application of the national natural science fund projects-“algorithm design formalization and automated studying based on PAR method”which is applied in practice of program design instruction.The main innovative points of this thesis are as follow: 1.For the sake of productivity and ability of reused,this thesis design a software framework model which is based on the multi-layer and multi-component. Every layer can be modified independently.2. This thesis introduces the mode of Smart Client can solve the problems of traditional distance education system.3. This thesis try to combine the automatic program generators of PAR Method to the component of this distance education system. These components deploy to the clients by the technology of ClickOnce.4. This thesis design the Smart Client. application program with the offline support. The offline function can use in offline teaching and network examination.更多还原