【作者】 许磊；

【导师】 张万松；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络集中了微机电、感知、嵌入式计算、分布式信息处理和无线通信等技术,形成了一种全新的信息获取和处理模式。布局、覆盖、节点定位、网络通信协议是传感器网络研究中的几个基本问题。其中,网络通信协议和节点定位问题是无线传感器网络众多应用的前提,也是传感器网络研究中的热点问题之一。本文对基于Zigbee协议的网络定位技术进行了研究。首先,论文在分析无线传感器网络特点、体系结构的基础上,综述了Zigbee通信协议的基本内容及其在组建无线传感器网络中的应用,阐明了ZigBee技术以其低功耗、低成本、低速率等优点,成为了最炙手可热的无线通信技术之一,广泛应用于家庭智能化、工业控制等众多领域。其次,论文探讨了当今主流的几种无线传感器网络定位算法及其性能评价标准和分类方法。相对于通常的基于锚节点的定位算法,着重分析了以AFL(Anchor Free Location)算法为代表的无锚节点的定位算法。针对于AFL算法易出现局部最优解的情况,提出了改进算法,分析建立了无折叠布局,并运用质心-弹簧算法获得全局最优解。最后,文章以无线噪声环境监测系统作为应用实例,基于IAR开发环境上利用CC2430无线通信芯片实现了传感器网络组的建,并在完成AFL算法的定位过程。算法的仿真结果表明,AFL算法定位算法可以实现良好定位,精度较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless sensor networks (WSN), which integrate technologies of embedded computing, distributed information processing and wireless communication, lead to a new pattern of information gathering and processing. The fundamental problems of sensor networks are deployment, coverage, locations and networking protocols. And location, which has been focused as a basic problem, is the precondition of many applications of sensor networks. The WSN node location technology based on Zigbee protocol is studied in this paperFirst of all, on the basis of analyzing the traits and structure of WSN, the paper shows the main content of Zigbee protocol and its application on the construction of WSN. Then the paper also elaborates that with the advantages of low power, low cost and low rate, Zigbee technology has been the one of very hot wireless communication technology, and has many sound applications such as industry control and intelligent indoor, etc.Secondly, the several mainstream node location algorithms of wireless sensor network have been discussed. The categories and performance evaluations are also analyzed. The anchor-free location (AFL) algorithm is focused on relative to anchor-base location. Especially, for avoiding local minimum, the paper establish a fold-free graph, and then get a global minimum by using a mass-spring optimization. By these phases, a globally rigid network will be achieved.Finally, the AFL location technology is achieved in the practice application of the noise monitoring system. The wireless sensor network is established with the node of CC2430 communication chip on the software develop environment of IAR. The simulation results show that the network node can be well located with good precision with AFL algorithm.更多还原