【作者】 王海春；

【导师】 王慈光；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通运输工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 收益管理思想在国内外航空业的应用已经十分普遍,甚至在酒店业也得到了前所未有的重视,但在铁路客运中的应用还是处在一片空白之中。我国铁路客运管理相对于航空、酒店业及国外发达国家的铁路客运管理而言已经落后了。因此,必须引入先进的客运管理方法,才能使我国铁路客运市场在竞争中立于不败之地。而这个先进的管理方法就是收益管理。通过收益管理可以大大提升铁路客运的管理水平、提高铁路客运收益和市场占有率、降低席位空置带来的资源消逝。本论文首先分析了我国铁路客运市场现状,阐述了论文选题的背景和研究意义,认为在铁路客运市场中应用收益管理方法十分必要。接着,论文从收益管理的产生、发展和展望着手,引出了收益管理的概念,阐述了实现收益管理的思想方法,即通过市场细分策略、价格等级策略和库存分配策略来实现收益最大化,讲述了航空业、酒店业及美国铁路客运公司实行收益管理取得的成效,说明收益管理理论对于有关行业经营管理的有效性。紧接着,论文论述了铁路客运市场细分和价格策略,指出了市场细分的概念、目的和依据,引出了价格歧视的概念及其分类,并在此基础上说明了差别定价的含义,同时,论文还通过国外铁路实行市场细分和差别定价的两个典型例子讲述了铁路市场细分和差别定价的应用,提出了铁路市场细分和差别定价的原则及实现方法。接着,论文阐述了收益管理在旅客列车经营中的应用条件和优化旅客列车经营的三个途径,即差别定价、流量控制和团体管理。接着,论文对收益管理的席位控制引出了几种模型:席位控制基本模型、单区段EMSR法模型、网络运输投标价格法模型、隐藏价格——EMSR法模型、SLP模型,同时就SLP模型给出三个站点的算例。最后,论文阐述了在铁路客运中实施收益管理的障碍及其应对策略,并叙述了铁路收益管理发展的前景及下一步研究工作的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Revenue management concept has been widely applied in the airline industry home and abroad. It has been even taken into unprecedented consideration in the hotel industry whilst it has never been applied in the railway passenger transportation. In China, the railway passenger transportation management is lagging behind the airline and hotel industries, playing second to that of the developed countries abroad. Therefore, there is a must to introduce advanced passenger transportation management method with a view to setting the railway passenger transportation of China apart from its competitors. The advanced management method is boiled down to revenue management. By means of revenue management, we can greatly enhance the management level of railway passenger transportation, promote the yields and market shares of railway passenger transportation and decrease the resources-wasting arising from the booth vacancy.The paper first analyzes the current landscape of the railway passenger transportation in China, explains the research background and purpose of the paper and then highlights the importance of the application of revenue management in the railway passenger transportation. Starting from the origin, development and outlook of revenue management, the paper then introduces the concept of revenue management and sets out methods to realize revenue management, that is to maximize the revenue via market segmentation policy, price level policy and inventory allocation policy. It illustrates the achievement accomplished by the airline and hotel industries and Amtrak after the revenue management has been applied, manifesting the effective role played by revenue management theory in relevant industry management.The paper then comes up with the market segmentation and pricing policies of railway passenger transportation, making description of the definition, purpose and foundation of market segmentation and leading to the definition and categories of price discrimination. On the basis of these, it defines the price differentiation. Meanwhile, it explains the application scope of the railway market segmentation and price differentiation as well as its principles and ways to achieve that purpose via quoting two typical examples on foreign soils.The paper then sets out the research on application of revenue management, describing the conditions on which the revenue management is applied to the operation of railway seats and three ways to optimize train seats. The three ways are price differentiation, passenger flow control and group management. It then introduces several key models of revenue management, namely basic model of seat control, tender price method of network transportation and potential price (EMSR method). It makes improvement upon the tender price method, forms SLP model on which the algorithm of three stations is presented.At last, the paper analyzes hindrances of implementing revenue management in the railway passenger transportation as well as the solutions, setting out the vision and the prospects of the research work..更多还原