【作者】 李元年；

【导师】 刘思峰；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 评价指标体系已经被广泛应用到当今社会各个领域。但是,目前的研究成果大多集中在应用领域,缺乏对支撑评价指标体系构建的相关理论方法的系统研究。基于此,本文以“熵”的相关理论为研究主线,以指标体系构建过程中的指标筛选和指标赋权两个重要阶段为研究对象,借助于“熵”、“熵权”和“极大熵”的相关思想,对评价指标体系的构建过程理论和评价指标体系的性能评价理论做了一定程度的探讨,研究内容主要包括以下两个方面:评价指标体系的构建过程理论研究。首先,本文分析了“熵权”应用于指标赋权所引起的争议和不妥,进而结合“熵权”的基本思想,将其合理应用到指标筛选的过程中,并提出了指标“区分度”的概念。通过对指标区分度的测算,实现了在因追求指标体系全面性而造成指标过多时候对指标的合理筛选。针对于区分度,文中还引出了指标“重要性”的概念,并对“区分度”和“重要性”的均衡问题做了部分探讨。其次,本文运用“极大熵”的思想,以双目标规划模型为主要研究工具,构建了全新的基于极大熵准则的指标赋权模型。该模型以客观的目标规划模型为主体,巧妙地将主观因素寓于到目标规划模型的约束条件当中,不仅克服了主、客观赋权方法各自弊病,而且从某种意义上实现了主观赋权和客观赋权的较好融合。评价指标体系的性能评价理论研究。首先,本文将指标“区分度”的测算扩展到整个评价指标体系中,提出了评价指标体系“整体区分度”的概念,并借助于指标体系的组织架构实现了对该“整体区分度”的有效测算。指标体系的“整体区分度”反映了其对各待评价对象的区分能力的大小,有利于实现对待评价对象的合理排序。其次,本文借助于“极大熵”思想,构建指标体系权重分布情况的测算模型,并对测算结果进行分类分析,实现了对设计出来的指标体系权重分布状态合理性的评价,提高了指标权重设计的可信度。最后,笔者将文中研究的两大方面的理论成果应用于某高校学科建设项目评价的实例中,并根据研究成果的具体内容将整个案例划分到每一章节当中去,实现了对研究成果的快捷、方便、有效的检验,取得了良好的实际效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Evaluation index system has been widely used in every field in our society. However, most of the related researches focus on the application filed, and the systemic research on the related theories and methods which are used to build evaluation index system. Based on these, in this paper, the theories of entropy are chosen to be the main research tool and the two important steps in the constructing process of an evaluation index system, index selection and index weight-setting are the main study objectives. Then, according to the related thoughts of entropy, entropy weight and maximum entropy, we make some studies on the constructing process theories and capability evaluating theories of evaluation index system. The main researches are as follows.Study on the constructing process theories of evaluation index system. First, after discussing on the agreements and disagreements on entropy weight applying into weight-setting, entropy weight was applied into the process of index selection according to its main thought and the concept for distinguish degree of an index was put forward. By calculating the distinguish degree of an index, it can make the index filtration more reasonable when the indexes are too many as a result of purchasing all sides of the evaluated objectives. And, according to distinguish degree, another concept importance degree is brought in and some studies have been made to discuss the equilibrium between distinguish degree and importance degree. Then, according to the thoughts of maximum entropy, with the help of two-objective program model, a new index weight-setting model was built. This model has lots of advantages. It puts the subjective factors into the restraints of the objective program model, which makes subjective weight-setting thought and objective weight-setting thought combine together well, and overcome all of their shortages.Study on the capability evaluation theories of evaluation index system. First, the thought of calculation for the distinguish degree is extended to the whole index system. The concept of the whole distinguish degree of the index system was put forward, and with the help of the structure of the index systems, we calculated the value of the whole distinguish degree which reflects the distinguish ability of the index to the evaluated objective and can help to make the proper sequence for all the objectives. Then, according to the thought of maximum entropy, the calculating model which showed the weights distributing state of the index system was built. And we made some analysis on the calculating results which helps to evaluate the reasonability of the weights distributing state of the designed index system and improve the reliability of the index weight-setting.Finally, we applied the theories and the methods studied in this paper into a real case, which is the subject building evaluation of a university. And, according to the forms of the theories, we divided the whole case into several parts corresponding to each chapter, which helps to prove the theories more quickly, more conveniently and more effectively.更多还原