【作者】 刘亮；

【导师】 谢昭莉；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 军用越野及载重汽车,为保证战时后勤需要,对汽车在特殊道路和环境下的机动性能与通过性能提出了较高的要求。汽车电子差速锁系统(Electronic Differential System,简称EDS)是改善车辆机动性与通过性能的有效方法之一,其根据各驱动轮的附着状况,对差速锁适时锁止与分离,充分发挥地面附着力,可有效提高汽车的通过性能。因此,EDS自动控制策略及技术的研究对提高部队战时机动能力和运输能力有着重大的意义。论文介绍了汽车差速锁的国内外研究现状,以及汽车防滑控制的一些方法,分析了这些方法的优缺点。针对汽车EDS,按照发动机、离合器、变速器、差速锁、轮胎进行了传动系结构分析,建立了整车动力学模型。在模型的基础上,对EDS进行控制策略分析,提出了相应的控制策略,即先对发动机输出功率进行控制(汽油机:减少喷油量、推迟点火时间、节气门位置调整及采用辅助空气装置;柴油机:控制供油量和供油时刻),当达到一定限值时锁止驱动轮滑移率相对大的两轮间差速器。论文基于模糊控制对汽车单轮和双轮分别进行了Simulink仿真,通过对汽车EDS的需求分析完成了电子控制单元(ECU)和差速锁机械结构总体设计,并基于步进电机对差速锁执行机构进行了结构设计和控制实验与分析。汽车电子差速锁控制策略及技术研究结果表明:(1)在各种驱动防滑方法中,强制锁止式差速器和自锁式差速器由于其机械结构和执行方式等缺点,在汽车中已运用得很少了;驱动防滑控制系统(ASR)可与防抱死系统(ABS)相融合,在中高档小型车辆中运用较广泛,但在军用越野及载重汽车的运用上受到限制;EDS能克服强制锁止式差速器、自锁式差速器和ASR的缺点,具有无噪音、锁止方便、驱动力强的特点;(2)在不同附着系数道路条件下,EDS能够在轮速差达到设定限值时,有效锁止差速锁,使转矩合理分配到每个车轮上,充分利用地面附着力,带动汽车平稳起动,显著提高汽车特殊路面的驱动防滑及越野能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 To ensure the wartime logistical needs, cross-country and the truck of military are requested a higher degree of performance. Electronic differential lock System(or EDS), which is based on the appendiculate conditions of the driving wheel, lock and unlock at appropriate time, give the vehicle full play to the ground friction and improve the vehicle performance through. Therefore, the research of EDS control strategy and technology have enormous significance to improve the mobility and capability in wartime troop transport capacity.This paper introduces the status at home and abroad of automobile differential lock and some methods of anti-skid control, analyses the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, analyses the transmission system structure for the EDS, and it establishes the vehicle dynamics model according to the engine, clutch, transmission, differential lock, and the tires for the automotive. On the basis of the model, this paper analysis and put forward the corresponding control strategy, that is, first of control the output power of engine (gasoline engine: to reduce fuel injection, ignition delay time, throttle position adjustment and the use of auxiliary air devices; Diesel: control the supply quantity and time of oil), when driving wheel slip ratio up to a certain limit, lock the larger differential one. Papers simulated automobile with two-wheel and single-wheel on based on fuzzy control by Simulink, completed structure design of the electronic control unit (ECU) and the differential lock mechanical through the analysis of the EDS demand, and completed structural design and control experiments and analysis for the differential lock based on step motor.Control strategy and technology research results of automotive electronic differential lock indicate that :(1)Mandatory lock-differential and self-locking differential has been little use in a variety of drive anti-skid ways because of its mechanical structure and mode of implementation shortcomings. Anti-skid control system (ASR) ,which have can more extensive use in the top grade small vehicle, combine with the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), but it was restricted in the cross-country and the truck of military. EDS ,which have no noise, lock convenience; the characteristics of the strong drive, can overcome the shortcomings of mandatory lock-differential, self-locking differential and ASR; (2)EDS can locking differential lock attachment effectively coefficient in different road conditions when difference of wheel speed reach to the set limits, make a rational allocation of torque to each wheel, make full use of ground adhesion, drive the automobile start smoothly, improve drive anti-skid and off-road capability significantly on the special road .更多还原