【作者】 李江；

【导师】 秦大同；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 车辆工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 混合动力汽车是传统内燃机汽车与纯电动汽车相结合的一种汽车型式,它继承了电动汽车低排放的优点,又保持了传统汽车优良动力性的长处,因而能显著改善传统内燃机汽车的排放和燃油经济性,增加电动汽车的续驶里程,已成为当今世界清洁汽车开发的重点。混合动力汽车突出优点之一就是能够实现再生制动。它能在车辆减速或制动过程中,在保证车辆制动性能的条件下,将车辆动能或位能通过带动电机发电,转化为电能储存在电池中,实现能量回收,同时产生车辆所需全部或部分制动力。既实现了车辆的减速和制动,又有效地降低了整车的燃油消耗和污染物排放。因此,再生制动对混合动力汽车的燃油经济性、排放性和行驶安全性都有直接影响,也是混合动力汽车的关键技术之一。制动能量回收效果与车辆的驱动型式密切相关,对于全轮驱动(4WD)车辆,能量回收效果最好;前轮(后轮)驱动车辆,只能回收部分制动能量。本文以全轮驱动混合动力汽车为研究对象,对其再生制动系统控制策略进行了深入的理论研究和系统的建模与仿真分析,取得了如下研究进展和结果:1.以ISG型轻度混合动力汽车为基础,进行了全轮驱动混合动力汽车传动系统方案的设计,并根据其特点制订了相应的工作模式。2.根据全轮驱动汽车的整车参数和动力性目标,进行了动力传动系统部件(发动机、前后电机、电池、变速器)的选型和参数设计。3.分析了传统汽车的制动力分配策略;通过分析前后电机的外特性曲线,得到了前后电机的制动强度外特性曲线,进而在保证制动安全的基础上,提出了一种可最大化回收能量的全轮驱动混合动力汽车再生制动力分配控制策略。4.在电机和镍氢电池的性能试验基础上,分析了电机发电效率与电池充电效率之间的变化规律,确定出电池电机联合工作效率优化线;提出在制动过程中实现电池电机联合工作效率优化下的手动变速(MT)换挡策略。5.建立了驾驶员模型,建立了全轮驱动混合动力汽车工作模式判断模型,并基于前向建模思想,根据发动机、前后电机和NiMH电池的台架试验数据,采用理论和数值建模相结合的方法,建立了全轮驱动混合动力汽车再生制动系统的前向仿真模型。6.提出了再生制动系统的评价指标,并对不同车速和电池荷电状态(SOC)进行了典型制动工况和城市工况下的再生制动仿真分析,结果表明,采用本提出的再生制动系统控制策略能满足整车安全制动和最大化能量回收的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a new style vehicle, which is combined coventional vehicle with electric vehicle. It is not only keeping low mission of Electric Vehicle, but also inheriting the excellent performance of conventional vehicle. So it can improve mission and fuel economy of conventional vehicle obviously, increase running distance of HEV, become the develping emphases of cleansing vehicle in the world now.Regenerative braking is one of the prominent excellent for HEV.When HEV is braking, regenerative braking system will make the motor become a generator for making kinetic energy to electric energy and supplying the whole braking forces or partial braking forces at the same time. Finally, electric energy is saved into the battery pack. Regenerative braking not only realizes the braking and deceleration, but also reduces the oil consuming and mission. So regenerative braking has a direct impact on fuel economy, emission and vehicle security, which is also one of key techniques for HEV.Regenerative braking energy effect lies on the driving format of vehicle. For 4WD HEV, the recycle effect is the best, front drive vehicle can but recycle portion energy. Focus on 4WD Hybrid Electric Vehicle. The deeply theoretical researching, system simulation and evaluate are completed in this paper. The main results include:1. Based on mild hybrid electric vehicle with ISG, the scheme on power-train of 4WD HEV is designed, and according on its characteristic, the working mode is establishing corresponding.2. According on the vehicle parameter and the power goal, the types of dynamical transmission parts (engine、front and rear motor、battery、trasmission) are selected, and their parameters are designed.3. The braking force distribution strategy on conventional vehicle is analyzed. The braking intension curve on front and rear motor is gotten according analyzing motor. A regenerative braking force distribution strategy of 4WD HEV is assure, which not only can keep the braking security, but also keep high efficient energy recovery.4. Basing on motor and battery experimentation, the changing rules of motor generating and battery charging efficiency are analyzed, a generating optimal working Line with high efficiency combined battery with motor is assured, and manual transmission (MT) shift strategy is proposed which makes motor work in the optimal line during braking.5. The driver model is built,the working mode of vehicle is built also.Based on forward modeling idea, according to bench experiment data of the engine、motor and battery, combined with numeric modeling and theory modeling, forward simulation model for regenerative braking system of 4WD hybrid electric vehicle is built.6. The evaluation indexes for regenerative braking system are proposed. The regenerative braking system models are simulated and analyzed under the typical braking modes on diffirent state of charge (soc) and speed, and are simulated and analyzed under the city cycles. The simulation results show that the regenerative braking control strategy not only can satisfy vehicle security but also keep high efficient energy recovery.更多还原