【作者】 张云华；

【导师】 张仕廉；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,中国住宅建筑业实现了持续的高速发展,不仅解决了城市居住的问题,而且它对推动国民经济的发展和增长做出了重要贡献。但是建筑业的建造活动对社会造成了严重的环境污染和生态破坏。如今,我国能源短缺而住宅建设市场日趋繁荣,面对日益严峻的环境和能源问题,建设生态节能住宅是中国建筑业发展的必由之路。建筑设计阶段的生态节能方法恰恰是建筑节能的关键。建筑技术经济分析是实现生态节能住宅设计的重要保障。该论文就目前国内外生态节能住宅设计的现状,从建筑设计的角度出发,将生态技术和建筑节能科学运用到住宅建筑设计领域,针对生态节能住宅设计的技术与经济问题展开分析。首先对生态节能住宅在规划设计、单体设计、可再生资源利用方面所涉及的设计因素进行技术分析,主要从选址、规划布局、建筑体型、空间设计、围护结构、可再生能源等方面探讨相应的技术策略,强调提高住宅设计中的生态节能技术含量,在满足居住者舒适的前提下降低住宅建筑的耗能。其次对生态节能住宅设计中设计方案与结构方案选型中所涉及的主要因素进行经济分析,对节能住宅所带来的经济外部性进行分析,主要从平面布置、空间组合、建筑材料设备的选择及美观等方面探讨相应的经济策略,强调提高生态节能住宅设计中的经济含量,在满足适用、安全的条件下,降低造价,保障社会资源的充分合理利用,并在此基础上提出了实现生态节能住宅设计的保障措施。同时,强调技术经济分析应该伴随建筑设计的整个过程,从设计前期准备开始,并延伸到超出对使用中的建筑进行评价的阶段。最后结合案例,强调生态节能住宅设计的技术经济应该结合我国的国情、尊重当地的实际,利用常规技术、通过各专业的密切配合,从规划、设计的层次上逐步地实现生态节能建筑的目标。力求充分调动建筑师的积极性和能动性,促进能源节能和合理利用,实行经济社会的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recent years have witnessed a rapid and sustainable development of the building construction industry in China, among which residence building is the typical representative expansion, not only solving the urban housing problem, but also making great contributions to the growth and development of the national economy. On the other hand, the growth of building industry has also brought about serious environmental and ecological problems. At present, with the expansion of the residence building and the lack of energy resources, and the worsening environment, it seems that Ecological Energy Saving Residence (EESR) is one of the best solutions in China’s building industry development. Residence design plays a key role to the EESR, while the Economical and Technological Analysis (ETA) is an important means to guarantee the effective EESR design.In view of the present EESR design from both home and abroad, this paper tends to apply the ecological technology and the energy saving science to the residence design field, elaborating on the EESA design and the ETA. First, analyses are conducted on the technological design factors such as EESA planning & design, single design, and the use of renewable energy resources etc., mainly involving site selection, planning and layout, building shape, greening, space design, enclosure structure, the use of renewable energy resources, in which special efforts are made to stress the technology application in EESR, and to reduce the energy consumption without sacrificing the comforts of residents.Second, economical analyses are conducted on the EESR design scheme, structure scheme, and the economical externalities which EESR brings about, mainly involving horizontal layout, spatial combination, selection of building material and aesthetic consideration. Efforts are made to stress the economical aspects: less cost without scarifying comforts and safety, social resources adequately used, and EESR design guaranteed. At the same time, examples are listed to illustrate that ETA should be accompanied throughout the whole construction design, from the beginning of preparatory design phase to the assessment of the finished building phase. In this way, architects can be motivated to promote their enthusiasm and initiatives, energy resources could be effectively conserved and rationally utilized, and the sustainable economic development can be realized. At last, by relating to the actual cases, efforts are made to stress that the technological economy should be actualized in the light of the actual condition of our country, and with the respect of the local reality. By employing the conventional technology, by integrating the relevant fields, the aim of the ecological energy saving building from the planning and design is sure to be gradually realized.更多还原