【作者】 宋博；

【导师】 金颖；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文研究界定的时间是1912-1931年,并论述这一时期辽河流域的农田水利纷争的经过和主要内容,分析引起水利纷争的原因和对当时农村社会的影响。具体而言,本文从以下四部分展开论述:第一部分题为“民国时期辽河流域农田水利事业发展及主要水利纷争概况”简要地介绍民国时期辽河流域农田水利事业发展概况和水利纷争概况。民国时期历史背景下,辽河流域的农田水利开发,主要是对于水田的开发,而农田水利纷争也往往是发生在水田开发的过程中,所以笔者在第一章介绍民国时期辽河流域农田水利概况的时候,主要是介绍的水田开发的概况。第二部分题为“民国时期辽河流域农田水利纷争与调节”主要是介绍水利纷争类型,经典水利纷争个案分析以及水利纷争的调节途径。主要是分析水利纷争类型,通过个案分析,对当时水利局对于水利纠纷的解决及调节进行论述,并指出水利纷争的解决途径及效果。第三部分题为“民国时期辽河流域农田水利纷争原因”,主要是通过水利纷争的个案,分析造成水利纷争的原因;通过分析,笔者提出了四个原因:第一,由于东北地区水资源的短缺,在加上辽河在民国时期经常泛滥,使得水灾及水利短缺问题的突显,正是由于水利的短缺和水灾的频发,造成了纷争的出现。第二,挖渠修坝引发的利益冲突,在开发水利的过程中,经常是要挖掘水渠,并占用他人的田地,这往往损害了被占地者的利益,并发展为双方的冲突。第三,日人挑衅故意制造事端,当日本人发现奉天水利局积极地发展农田水利事业,他们认为这是与其“争夺”东北的水利资源,通过制造事端极力地进行阻挠。第四,作为当时水利管理人员,他们在水利开发的过程中,经常有失职,甚至水利局的局长都有假公营私的行为,这使得水利开发过程中,更是纷争不断。第五,是灌溉技术的幼稚和落后,许多纷争都是由于挖明渠引水灌溉,占用他人田地,引发的纷争,换在现在井水灌溉和暗渠灌溉的技术的话,这样的纷争完全是可以避免的。第四部分题为“水利纷争对农村社会的影响”,主要通过对农村社会单位和对辽河流域农田水利发展的影响,进行论述。笔者认为,其影响主要是以下几方面:水利纷争影响了农田水利持续稳定的发展进程,使得水利局基本将本来就不多的人力和资金都用在了水利纷争的解决上了。再则由于当时无论是水利局还是当地村民,他们在开发农田水利的过程中,或多或少地都要雇佣一些朝鲜稻农来进行开挖水渠等农田水利建设,这使得被挖占用地的村民与朝鲜稻农之间关系的紧张,在加上,日本吞并朝鲜后,日本以“保护”朝鲜人的名义,故意挑起当地村民与朝鲜稻农的矛盾。但水利纷争也有着其积极的意义,一方面,水利纷争增强了近代农村社会单位间的联合度,每当发生纷争,受利益受损害的各户,甚至是各村都会联合起来,向省公署提出抗议。而这也迫使得东北地方当局以及水利局去积极地解决,并去完善近代东北农村社会的解决秩序。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper discussed the study on dispute of water conservancy and irrigation during the period of the Republic of China, the period of the Republic of China refer to 1912 to 1931. The paper discussed the main content about the disputes of water conservancy and irrigation on Liaohe basin during the Republic of China, then analyzed the the reasons for the disputes arising from water and influence of the rural community on Liaohe basin.Specifically, the paper discussed on the following four parts:The first part, entitled " development of the irrigation and water conservancy on Liaohe River Basin during the Republic of China and the survey of disputes on irrigation and water conservancy", mainly introduced the summary of development of the irrigation and water conservancy on Liaohe River Basin during the Republic of China and the survey of disputes on irrigation and water conservancy, during the Republic of China.During the historical background of the Republic of China, irrigation and water conservancy development on Liaohe basin, was mainly for the development of paddy fields, and the disputes of irrigation and water conservancy often occured in the process of developing the paddy field, in this part the author introduced the irrigation and water conservancy development on Liaohe basin, which was the the development of paddy fields.The second part, entitled "the disputes of irrigation and water conservancy on Liaohe basin during the Republic of China and adjusting disputes", the author described the main types of disputes on irrigation and water conservancy, classic cases of disputes, as well as the ways to adjust water disputes.Analyzed the main types of disputes through cases, then discussed resolution of the WCB adjusting the water dispute, and noticed the solution to water disputes and effect.The third part, entitled "the reasons of disputes on irrigation and water conservancy on Liaohe Basin during the Republic of China ", mainly through the water dispute cases, analyzed the reasons for the water disputes;Through analysis, the author put forward the following four reasons:First, because of the shortage of water in the Northeast, and Liaohe regularly flooding in the Republic made floods and the water shortage problem highlighted, for water shortages and frequent flooding, causing the emergence of disputes.Second, repairing the dam triggered conflict of interest in the development of water resources in the process, often tap drains, and occupy other people’s land, which often has been an area of damage to the interests ,that cause conflict.Third, the Japanese provocation deliberately create disturbances, when the Japanese found Fengtian WCB active development of irrigation and water conservancy, they thought that this is its "for " northeast of water resources, create disturbances through strongly to obstruct.Fourth, as the management of water resources, in the process of developing, often dereliction of duty, and even the Secretary for the WCB had those acts, which made water conservancy development process, the dispute is constantly.Fifth, the irrigation technology is backward and naive, because many disputes are diggingdrains, others occupied land, triggered disputes. The fourth part, entitled " rural social impact on Water disputes ", mainly discussed through the rural social unit and the impact on the development of irrigation and water conservancy on Liaohe Basin, author believed its impact was mainly the following:The impact of irrigation and water conservancy sustained steady development process; lead tensions between the local villagers and the Korean rice farmers;However, water disputes also have a positive meanings, enhance the joint of the modern rural social units; gradually perfect the order for adjusting disputes in the modern Northeastern rural community.更多还原