【作者】 赵翔；

【导师】 周风余；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 由于全球经济发展,城市人口和机动车的快速增长,世界各国多数城市都面临巨大的交通压力。拥堵、停车难等城市交通问题一直以来都是城市交通规划与管理的难点,各国不少城市规划和交通规划的专家为此进行了深入研究后,认为限制私人出行方式,鼓励公交出行方式才是出路。确立BRT系统的战略地位。现有国内公交系统常见的缺点为:车辆定位精度不够高,通讯不及时;断线后重新连接速度慢以及定时控制的灵活性不高,路口全局人均延误较高。论文针对上诉情况,对信号交叉口优先技术进行了研究。采用了基于射频识别技术的“点式定位”系统以及基于公交优先的模糊控制器。“点式定位”系统能够尽可能保证车辆定位精度必须高,通讯及时。模糊控制器以公交误点数值和待行相位排队长度为输入,以当前相位绿灯延时为输出,实现了以路口总延误人数最少为目标的最优控制。本文首先对各种交叉口交通延误理论及相关的排队、延误公式做了大量的调查研究,比较了各种相关算法的优缺点,通过深入学习模糊控制理论及交通流理论,提出了城市公交信号优先智能控制算法。通过介绍城市道路交通控制系统中信号灯控制方式及交通控制系统的分类,结合交通流控制理论,采用交通灯自适应控制系统及单点控制方式,减少了交通时间的延误、事故的发生,大大提高了道路交通设施使用效率。通过介绍现有常见公交检测系统的优缺点,结合公交信号优先控制策略,比照北京已建成的快速公交的事例,采用了基于射频识别技术的“点式定位”方案。该系统具有常用的GPS定位系统其它检测和所不具备的诸多优势。具有良好的方向性,识别距离可调。无需路面施工,车载设备简单成本低。可以实现双向数据通信,能够承载较为丰富的信息。为了克服公交定时优先信号控制不够灵活的缺点,提出了以公交误点数值和待行相位排队长度为输入,以当前相位绿灯延时为输出,实现了以路口总延误人数最少为目标的最优控制的公交优先模糊控制算法。该算法把以“人均延误”作为公交优先优化的目标,考虑到车辆延误作为优先的目标以及公交车辆中的载客数,对公交晚点的程度进行深入讨论。在总结前人研究成果的基础上,就如何在综合考虑待行社会车辆和公交车误点程度两个因素的基础上实行公交优先模糊控制进行了详细研究,提出了相应的算法,建立相应模糊控制器并借助Matlab6.5进行仿真,仿真结果表明了该模糊算法的有效性,模糊控制算法延误人数比定时控制下的延误人数平均低26.6%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the development of the economy in the seven seas,the rapid growth of the population of the city,an widely use of the motor vehicles,most of the cities in the world are faced with tremendous traffic stress.Urban traffic problems such as congestion,hardness of parking are difficult and emphases problem in traffic layout and management.After most experts in urban and traffic layout have made deeply study for these,they consider that restrict private trip mode and encourage public transportation is the just way.BRT systems to establish strategic position.Existing domestic public transportation system for the common shortcomings: the vehicle positioning accuracy is not high enough,no communications in a timely manner;after the break to slow connection speeds,as well as the flexibility to control timing is not high,the overall intersection delay per capita higher.Papers for an appeal,on the intersection signal priority technology has been studied.Based on the use of radio frequency identification technology,"point-positioning" as well as systems based on bus priority fuzzy controller."Point-positioning" as far as possible to ensure that the system can be high-precision positioning of vehicles, communications in a timely manner.Fuzzy controllers to public transport delays and numerical phase line to be lining up for the length of the input to the current phase delay for the green light output,in order to achieve the junction of the total number of delays for at least the goal of optimal control.This article first intersection on a variety of traffic delays and queuing theory,the formula for the delay has done a great deal of study,compared the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of related algorithms,fuzzy control,through in-depth study of traffic flow theory and the theory,put forward a city bus signal Intelligent control algorithm priority.Through the introduction of urban road traffic control system and control signals traffic control system of classification,combined with the traffic flow control theory, the use of adaptive traffic signal control system and a single point of control to reduce the travel time delays,accidents,and greatly enhanced The efficient use of road transport facilities.By introducing the common existing public transport system,the advantages and disadvantages of testing,combined with public transport Priority Signal Control Strategy,mutatis mutandis,Beijing has built Bus Rapid Transit case,based on the use of radio frequency identification technology,"point-positioning".The system has a GPS positioning system commonly used in other testing and do not have a lot of advantages.Has a good direction and distance to identify adjustable.No road construction,low cost and simple on-board equipment.Can be two-way data communications,can carry more abundant.In order to overcome the transit priority signal from time to time flexible enough to control the shortcomings of public transportation in order to raise the value of delayed and the phase-line to be lining up for the length of the input to the current phase delay for the green light output,in order to achieve the junction of the total number of delays for at least the goal of optimal control Bus priority of the fuzzy control algorithm.The algorithm to the "average delay" as the goal of optimizing bus priority,taking into account traffic delays as a priority objective of public transport vehicles as well as in the number of passengers on the bus late level of in-depth discussions.In summing up the results of previous studies on the basis on how to be considered in the line of vehicles and community buses running behind schedule,the degree of two factors on the basis of the implementation of bus priority fuzzy control in detail,the corresponding algorithm,the corresponding fuzzy control Matlab6.5-use and simulation,the simulation results show that the fuzzy algorithm,fuzzy control algorithm than the number of delays from time to time under the control of the delay in the average number of low 26.6 percent.更多还原