【作者】 宫殿清；

【导师】 程晓敏；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着太阳能热发电技术的发展,热能的储存技术日益引起人们的重视。金属基相变储热材料具有储能密度大,过冷度小,导热率高,反复相变后性能稳定,过程易控制等特点,因而在高温储热方面具有广泛的用途。其中,铝合金高温相变储热材料在相变温度、储热密度、使用寿命等方面更适合做太阳能热发电系统中的储热材料。本文设计并制备了20种不同成分的Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn系列铝合金相变储热材料。运用金相显微技术、排液法、综合热分析技术等手段,对20种不同成分的Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn系列铝合金相变储热材料的金相组织、密度、相变温度、单位质量相变潜热、显热和总储热量、单位体积相变潜热、显热和总储热量等性能进行了研究,并制备出多种相变温度在400-800℃、相变潜热大于200J/g、单位体积储热量高的铝合金相变储热材料,可供太阳能热发电系统选择使用。Al-Si系列铝合金储热材料单位质量相变潜热较高。其中铝硅共晶成分的铝合金单位质量相变潜热最高,约为450J/g。而当铝合金材料中Mg、Zn含量增加时,会降低储热材料的单位质量相变潜热。在单位体积相变潜热方面,铝硅共晶成分的铝合金储热材料约为1233.8J/cm~3,依然高于其它成分的铝合金储热材料。在400-800℃之间,各成分的铝合金储热材料单位质量显热差别不大,但增加Cu的含量有利于提高单位质量显热。由于密度差别较大,Al-Si系列铝合金储热材料单位体积显热不高。而含有Cu、zn等元素的铝合金储热材料的单位体积显热高于其它成分的铝合金储热材料。Al-Si系列铝合金储热材料在400-800℃之间的单位质量储热量要高于其它成分的铝合金储热材料。但单位体积储热量方面,含Cu、zn较多的铝合金储热材料优于其它成分的铝合金储热材料。综合各种因素,含有Cu、Zn元素的铝合金储热材料在储能能力上更适合塔式太阳能热发电系统的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the solar thermal electricity technology,thermal storage technology has attracted increasing attention.Phase change metal with high energy storage density, low condenser depression,high thermal conductivity,phase-change again with the long-term stable,easy to control,has a wide range of application in high-temperature thermal storage.The high-temperature phase change Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn alloy in the phase transition temperature,density storage,operating life in areas such as more suitable for solar thermal power generation system of thermal storage materials.In this thesis,20 different components of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn series phase-change thermal storage aluminum alloy materials are designed and prepared. Using micro-technology,liquid method,integrated thermal analysis,The microstructure,density,phase change temperature,latent heat per gram,sensible heat per gram,the thermal storage per gram,latent heat per cubic centimetre,sensible heat per cubic centimetre and total energy storage per cubic centimeter,and other properties of these phase change aluminium alloy materials were studied.A variety of phase change aluminum alloy materials with phase transition temperature in the 400-800℃,phase-change latent heat over 200J / g,high-energy storage in volume which is for power generation solar thermal systems use are prepared.Al-Si series thermal storage aluminum alloys have higher phase-change latent heat.Al-Si eutectic composition has the highest latent change heat about 450J / g. When the aluminum alloy in the Mg,Zn content increases,lower heat per unit mass of material phase-change latent heat.As the phase-change latent heat in volume,the Al-Si eutectic alloy composition of the thermal storage materials about 1233.8J/cm~3, still higher than other components of the heat storage material of aluminum alloy.Between 400-800℃,the composition of aluminum alloy sensible heat storage pergram is not very different,but the increase in Cu will help improve the ability of sensible heat storage.Due to large differences in density,Al-Si series aluminum alloy materials storage of volume is not high.The aluminum alloy with Cu,Zn has higher sensible heat storage of volume than other aluminum alloy.Al-Si series aluminum alloys have higher heat storage per gram in 400-800℃than other aluminium alloy.However,the thermal storage on volume,aluminium alloy with more Cu,Zn is superior to other components of aluminum alloy.Given these factors,the aluminium alloy with Cu,Zn alloy suit solar thermal tower power generation systems in the ability on heat storage.更多还原