【作者】 崔丹丹；

【导师】 高顺德；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 动臂式变幅方式被广泛应用于各种类型的旋转起重机中,如海洋工程起重机、船用起重机、动臂塔机等。在动臂起重机的设计过程中,存在着一些关键性的问题,例如桁架式臂架弦杆节间距的确定、变幅机构铰点坐标的确定以及起重性能的计算方法等等。虽然在以前的期刊中有专门针对某一具体问题的论述,但是其研究方法繁琐,目的不是针对起重机的整体设计,结论也并不能很好地应用到实际的设计中,有一定的局限性。针对上述问题,本文从力学的角度,就动臂起重机设计过程中存在的几项关键技术,系统地进行了研究归纳,对该类起重机的设计提供参考。论文的主要研究工作和研究成果如下:(1)总结移动配重的几种实现形式,找出配重重心位置随臂架仰角的变化规律,并以钢丝绳配重移动方式为例,阐述了移动配重位置设计时需考虑的因素,为动臂塔机移动配重技术的设计提供参考。(2)从理想压杆、实际压杆、双向压弯杆件的强度、稳定性出发,以力学的角度科学的推导出确定桁架式构件单肢节间距的方法;并推导出一给定构件所能承受的最大轴向压力,为桁架式臂架系统的设计提供参考。(3)从构件的实际受力出发,以力学方式推导出变幅系统铰点坐标与构件受力的关系,用简单的数学关系式即可初步判断铰点确定的是否合适,避免了通常采用的优化设计中的编程调试过程,为系统铰点的设计提供参考。(4)开发了动臂起重机辅助设计系统。其主要任务是各种动臂式起重机产品的结构校核和起重性能计算。该系统适合于任何钢丝绳变幅方式的起重机的结构设计,并针对多种不同的设计规范,分别进行了完整的分析过程。同时以大连理工大学工程机械研究所与长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司合作开发的TCR6055-32动臂塔机为例,并通过有限元分析验证了本文研究成果的正确性、可行性以及专用软件系统的实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The luffing jib way is widely used in various types of cranes, such as offshore cranes, ship cranes and tower cranes. In the design of these cranes, there are some key technologies, such as how to determine the length of truss joint of the chord; the three pin-connected joints coordinates of the luffing system and the method to calculate the lifting performance and so on. While in the previous journals, there are some discuss to some specific issues, the research method is complex, which is not aimed at the overall design of the crane, whose conclusions are not be well applied to the actual design, so there are some limitations.In allusions to the issues mentioned above, some key techniques are to be studied systematically in this paper in the mechanical point of view, which is a reference to the design of this kind of the cranes. The main research and the results of the paper are as follows:(1)The realization form of movable-counterweight is summed and the change law of the movable-counterweight center of gravity position and the boom angle is found out. In the end of this section, take the form of wire rope as an example, the factors considered in the design of the movable-counterweight are described, which provides a reference to the design of movable-counterweight in tower cranes.(2) Considering of the strength and stability of the ideal compressed bar, actual compressed bar and compression bending bar in two-way, the method to determine the length of truss joint of the chord is derived in the mechanical point of view. In the same time, the biggest axial pressure to a given component is derived, which provides a reference to the design of the truss-type jib system.(3) Considering of the actual force to the components, the relationship of the three pin-connected joints coordinates of the luffing system and the force to them is derived in the mechanical pin-connected joints of view. We can use simple mathematical relationship to pre-judge whether the pin-connected joints coordinates are rational, which can avoid the debugging process in the optimal design and provide a reference to the design of luffing system.(4) Luffing jib cranes aided design system is developed, whose main task is to check the structure and compute the lifting performance of all this kind of cranes. This system is suitable for the structure design of any luffing jib cranes and it contains the complete analysis process for various kinds of codes. At the same time, take TCR6055-32, cooperating between DUT and Zoomlion, as an example by FEM to reason the correctness and feasibility of the method proposed, and the practicability of the soft developed.更多还原