【作者】 吴春雪；

【导师】 王长海；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 生物化工， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验室从大连海区分离筛选到8种海洋底栖硅藻，作者以其中具有饵料应用价值的盔状舟形藻（Navicula．corymbosa）和菱形藻（Nitzschia sp．）为试验藻种，初步研究其生长条件和生化成分，运用一系列单因素实验和正交实验，分析了光周期，常量元素，微量元素和维生素等营养条件对两种底栖硅藻生长及其生化成分的影响，确定了两种底栖硅藻培养的优化环境条件和营养条件，为探讨单一底栖硅藻作为海洋经济动物幼体的饵料的可行性和潜在的应用价值及今后大规模高密度培养打下基础。具体研究内容及结果如下：通过单因子实验发现两种底栖硅藻均在光暗周期（L：D）为12：12的条件下生长最佳。单因素实验中，盔状舟形藻在氮、磷、铁和硅浓度分别为49．28、1．137、1．96和22．951mg／L，锰、铜、锌、钼和钴浓度分别为1．5、0．1、0．1-0．2、0．1和0．5μmol／L，V_B1和V_B12浓度分别为0．5mg/L和4．0μg／L时生长速率最大。通过正交实验确定了盔状舟形藻（Navicula．corymbosa）生长最佳的培养基配方为：NaNO₃ 299．2mg／L，NaH₂PO₄5．26mg／L，FeC₆H₅O₇·5H₂O 14．73 mg／L，Na₂SiO₃ 150mg／L，MnCl₂·4H₂O 396μg／L，CuSO₄·5H₂O 17．5μg／L，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 28．7μg／L，Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 7．26μg／L，CoCl₂·2H₂O116．2μg／L，V_B11mg／L，V_B12 8μg／L。单因素实验中，菱形藻在锰、铜、锌、钼和钴浓度分别为0．5-1．0、0．08-0．1、0．3-0．4、0．06和0．2μmol／L，V_B1和V_B12浓度分别为1．0mg／L和2．0μg／L时生长速率最大。通过正交实验确定了菱形藻（Nitzschia sp．）生长最优培养基配方为：NaNO₃ 74．8mg／L，NaH₂PO₄ 11．864mg／L，FeC₆H₅O₇·5H₂O 2．88mg／L，Na₂SiO₃ 100mg／L，MnCl₂·4H₂O79．2μg／L，CUSO₄·5H₂O 20μg／L，ZnSO₄·7H₂O 86．1μg／L，Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 14．52μg／L，COCl₂·2H₂O 33．2μg／L，V_B10．3mg／L，V_B124μg／L。本文中两种底栖硅藻叶绿素a含量变化趋势与生长趋势基本相同，其他生化成分因营养元素不同藻类不同而有所不同，但一般都在最适条件下达到相对较大积累量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two benthic diatom Navicula. Corymbosa and Nitzschia sp. which was separated from DALIAN sea area was used as experimental material. Growth conditions and biochemical compositions of the two marine benthic diatoms would be researched. The effects of photoperiod and nutrient factors of the culture solution, such as nitrogen, phosphorus,iron, silicon, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt,vitamins B1 and B12 on the growth of Navicula. Corymbosa and Nitzschia sp.were studied using Single and Orthogonal Design. The main results are summarized as following:The specific growth rate of two benthic diatoms could maximat when the photoperiod was 12: 12.Using Single Design, the specific growth rate of Navicula. Corymbosa could be maximum when the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus,iron and silicon, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt,vitamins B₁ and B₁₂ was respective 49.28、1.137、1.96 and 22.951 mg/L,1.5、0.1、0.1-0.2、0.1 and 0.5μmol/L,0.5mg/L and 4.0μg/L. The optimum medium of Navicula. Corymbosa was decided using Orthogonal Design: NaNO₃ 299.2mg/L, NaH₂PO₄ 5.26mg/L, FeC₆H₅O₇·5H₂O 14.73 mg/L, Na₂SiO₃ 150mg/L, MnCl₂·4H₂O 396μg/L, CuSO₄·5H₂O 17.5μg/L, ZnSO₄·7H₂O 28.7μg/L, Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 7.26μg/L, CoCl₂·2H₂O 116.2μg/L, V_B11mg/L, V_B128μg/L。Using Single Design ,the specific growth rate of Nitzschia sp. could be maximum when the concentration of manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt,vitamins B₁ and B₁₂was respective 0.5-1.0、0.08-0.1、0.3-0.4、0.06 and 0.2μmol/L,1.0 mg/L and 2.0μg/L.The optimum medium of Nitzschia sp. was decided using Orthogonal Design: NaNO₃ 74.8mg/L, NaH₂PO₄ 11.864mg/L, FeC₆H₅O₇·5H₂O 2.88mg/L, Na₂SiO₃ 100mg/L , MnCl₂·4H₂O 79.2μg/L, CuSO₄·5H₂O 20μg/L, ZnSO₄·7H₂O 86.1μg/L, Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O 14.52μg/L, CoCl₂·2H₂O 33.2μg/L, V_B1 0.3mg/L, V_B124μg/L。The change of chlorophyll a was as same as the growth of two benthic diatom ,while other biochemical composition was varies with the diatom,but they achieved maximum under opimum condition.更多还原