【作者】 祁燕燕；

【导师】 苗明；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 工业工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 新的钢轨装卸工艺要求采用大跨度门式起重机起吊百米钢轨,其特点是跨度大、吊重长度长、作业情况复杂、工作现场安全性要求高,因此需要门式起重机有较好的动态性能。因此,本文在静态分析基础上,进行了多体系统结构动力学仿真。课题依托于实际项目,以60t重轨吊运电磁挂梁门式起重机为原型。在静力学分析计算后,根据门式起重机动力学原理,用有限元分析软件ANSYS和虚拟样机动力学分析软件ADAMS对门式起重机各典型工况进行多体动力学仿真,给出了有意义的仿真结果,并提供了具体的分析方法。论文中主要工作如下:运用ANSYS软件建立了门式起重机的门架结构有限元模型,对其结构进行力学分析,得到静载作用下的应力及变形情况;对其进行特征屈曲分析,计算得到屈曲变形系数为3.3,满足门式起重机的稳定性要求;采用分块Lanczos法对门式起重机门架结构进行模态分析,得出门架结构的前六阶固有频率和振型。将ANSYS中生成的门式起重机门架结构模态中性文件,导入ADAMS软件中作为柔性体,与Pro/E中生成的小车刚性体模型结合,建立门式起重机刚柔耦合模型。从而实现门式起重机吊重起升、大车运行过程的动态仿真。在大车不同运行速度下,对动态载荷变化情况进行比较,得出结果其随着运行速度的增大而增大。仿真中得到门式起重机作业过程中的动力学仿真数据,为深入了解门式起重机动态特性提供了有效的分析手段,为其结构设计提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The new technology of rail loading requires long span gantry crane to hoist hectometer rails .The characteristics of gantry crane are long span, long length of load, operation of complexity, high security in working field and so on, so good dynamic performance is required. In this paper, a dynamics simulation of multi-body system is promoted based on static analysis.This paper relying on a practical project, base on the 60t gantry crane which is used for loading hectometer rails . After the static analysis and calculation, according to the dynamics principle of gantry crane, the multi-body dynamics simulation in various typical working operations is carried out with the FEA software ANSYS and virtual prototype dynamic analysis software ADAMS. The significant simulation results are given and the analysis method are provided. The main work of this paper shows as follows:The FEA model of portal gantry is established with ANSYS software, and the FEA analysis of mechanics structure is performed to acquire the stresses and deformations under static load; buckling analysis is carried out and calculates the deformation buckling coefficient is 3.3, which meet the requirements of the stability of the Gantry crane. The former six order natural frequency and modal shape of the portal gantry are obtained through modal analysis by means of segmentation Lanczos method.Import MNF of portal gantry structure which is generated in ANSYS into ADAMS software, and take it as flexible body to build Rigid-Flexible model of gantry crane, combining with rigid body model built in Pro/E. Then, the dynamic simulation of gantry crane in the processes of hoisting load and mainframe traveling are performed. Compare the dynamic load changes when carts in a different speed, the results increases with the increases of its speed. The dynamic simulation data of gantry crane in the work processes are obtained, which provide effective analysis methods for researching the dynamic characteristics of gantry cranes, and the bases for structure design.更多还原