【作者】 林来宾；

【导师】 周云飞；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 为了满足角锥棱镜实际生产中效率和成本的要求,需要对其测量系统进行研究,以改进其测量系统。本文研究的主要内容有:数学建模、图像处理、图像采集与数据管理、试验数据与分析等四部分。数学建模部分,首先根据实际情况建立空间直角坐标系,利用矢量形式的折射定律和反射定律,求出角锥棱镜出射光线与入射光线之间的夹角和角锥棱镜各直角误差的关系,然后根据光在角锥棱镜中的行进路径,计算出从棱镜中出射的六束光线在各个平面上的对应区域,最后根据六束光线出射的位置和方向,并结合光学系统,求出图像与角锥棱镜各平面之间夹角误差的关系。图像处理部分,首先介绍了图像增强技术、图像分割技术、目标边缘检测、图像匹配算法、二值图像处理及图像测量方式等内容,然后,根据实际得到的图像,叙述了图像处理的过程:读取图像、图像转换、灰度图像转换为二值图像、确定图像的位置坐标、重组分割图像、预处理图像(即“花瓣”)、提取特征参数并输入结果等。图像采集与数据管理部分,首先介绍了如何在VC环境下进行图像采集和分析,然后介绍了怎样利用ACCESS数据库进行数据管理。试验数据与分析部分,首先对测得的数据整理分析,并进行误差分析,然后得出结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to satisfy the need of efficiency and cost in manufacturing pyramid prism, we should study its measuring system so that we improve the measuring system. This paper dedicates to these studies: mathematics modeling, image processing, image gathering and data management, test data and its analysis.In the part of mathematics modeling, firstly, we get the relationships between rectangular error of pyramid prism and crossing angle where the pyramid prism’s incidence beam intersects its emergence beam by reflection law and refraction law in the vector form on the basis of establishing rectangular coordinate frame, secondly, we compute corresponding area in every pyramid prism’s plane to which 6 emergence beams come from pyramid prim by the ray’s traveling path across pyramid prism, finally, we gain the relationships between images and errors of the crossing angles where each two pyramid prism’s planes intersect on the foundation of combining optical system with the situations and directions of the 6 emergence beams.In the part of image processing, firstly, such as image enhancement technique, image segmentation technique, object edge detection, image matching arithmetic, binary image processing, and image measuring method , etc. are introduced; then the image processing course including image reading, image conversion, grayscale image converted binary image, conforming image positional coordinate, image reparation, image preprocessing(it is petal), extracting diagnostic parameters, and outputting results is described basing images gotten actuallyIn the part of image gathering and data management, the paper introduces how to gather and analyze images in VC environment and how to manage database using ACCESS.Data gotten from test are cleared up and analyzed, then tolerance analysis is made, lastly the inclusion is educed in the part of test and their analysis.更多还原