【作者】 郭振岗；

【导师】 王乘； 李利军；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 系统分析与集成， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络是近年来研究的热点领域之一,被评为21世纪最重要、最有发展前景的技术之一,将会对人类生活产生非常重要的影响。无线传感器网络技术综合了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理技术和通信技术等众多技术领域,结合了各个交叉学科的前沿技术,具有广阔的研究空间,吸引了大批学者。合理地进行网络节点部署,可以改善传感器网络监测的覆盖范围,提高感知数据的精确度,大幅度降低节点能耗。本文旨在研究无线传感器网络优化部署及覆盖问题,即在传感区域内如何优化布置节点以达到增加网络覆盖度的目的。本文主要的研究内容包括两个方面:(1)无线传感器网络的优化部署。介绍了当前的网络部署研究现状和现有的传感器优化部署算法。并对其中的一种算法进行详细介绍,编写程序仿真,对仿真结果分析比较。针对该算法的不足对其做了一定的改进,结果表明改进算法增加了节点传感区域的覆盖度和覆盖率,限制了节点的移动距离,节省了节点重新部署消耗的能量,达到延长节点生存期的效果。(2)异构无线传感器网络中超级节点的位置部署。异构网络部署,即在传感区域内增加一些具有足够能量的有线或者无线传输方式的超级节点,作为邻近节点的汇聚节点收集数据,直接和汇聚节点通信,极大地减少网络传感数据的平均传输路径,从而节省能耗、提高网络生命期。文中通过二维网格建立一个数学模型,使用基于整数目标规划的遗传算法求模型的最优解,得到超级节点的部署位置,并对结果进行分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless sensor networks are a hot area of research in recent years, which was rated as the most important technology in 21st century, and one of the best prospects for development of technology, will have a very significant impact on human life. Wireless sensor network technology integrates sensor technology, embedded computing technology, distributed information processing and communication technology and other technical fields, has broad research space, and attracts a large number of scholars.Reasonable deployment of sensors can improve the coverage of monitoring sensor networks, the accuracy of data and greatly reduce sensor’s energy consumption. This paper aims to evaluate the optimal deployment of wireless sensor network coverage, and how to optimize the layout of Sensors in the sensor region for the sake of increasing the network coverage.This paper covers two sides content: (1) Optimal deployment of wireless sensor networks. Summarize current optimization deployment algorithms of sensor network. Introduce the virtual force algorithm in details, simulate, analyze and compare the simulation results. In view of the algorithm’s disadvantage, this paper improves it. Results show that improved algorithm can increase the coverage, reduce re-deployment energy consumption, prolong life cycle of nodes. (2) Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks deployment with super-nodes. Heterogeneous network deployment means that some super-nodes added into sensor region with sufficient energy and wired or wireless transmission. Super-nodes can collect sensing data from nodes around it, and directly communication with cluster-node. They can greatly reduce network transmission path, thereby saving energy, and improve network life cycle.更多还原