【作者】 宋灿辉；

【导师】 肖波； 胡智泉；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 生态学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在国内,随着大型厌氧反应器的增加,排放的厌氧消化残余物(即沼渣、沼液)的处置也将成为一个亟待解决的问题,而国内在对于厌氧残余物的利用和处置上管理不是很规范,随着大型化规模化的趋势,厌氧残余物必须有规范的管理和过程监督。大中型沼气工程在运行过程中产生的沼渣量虽然不是很多,但是其中有机物含量高,可能含有重金属和各种病原菌。如果不进行妥善的处理,将其随意堆放,必然会产生二次污染。本课题主要是分析具有代表性的暗河式厌氧沼气池消化残余物的性质,根据我国现实情况设计了一套沼渣沼液资源化技术工艺,作为大型厌氧发酵产沼的一种后续处理技术工艺,为大型厌氧发酵产沼技术在我国的推广应用做了技术性支持和基础性研究。通过沉淀池对沼渣沼液进行分离,沼渣中含有50%以上的有机质,还可能含有难降解有机物和病原菌,对得到的沼渣进行堆肥预处理5天或者机械破碎预处理10min,并在发酵的最佳参数条件下:温度为55℃、C/N为20、总固体含量TS为10%的情况下进行再发酵,可以达到最佳的产气。即达到了沼渣的无害化、资源化、减量化和稳定化的目的。沼液是一种高浓度的有机废水,COD约为400mg/l以上,其中可能含有重金属离子和难降解有机物,具有很强的刺激性气味。如果随意排放,会引起严重的环境污染,在实验中利用膨化有机吸附材料丰富孔网结构的特性,沼液中的各种污染物通过膨化生物质吸附材料的孔网被拦截吸附。一级吸附塔的吸附周期为5天左右,二级吸附塔的吸附周期为10天左右,生物质两级吸附塔对沼液中各项污染指标的去除率分别为:SS为50.55%、CODCr为41.17%、BOD为35.09%、TN为23.6%、TP为13.24%。二级吸附塔的出水直接进入人工湿地系统进行进一步的深度处理,人工湿地对各项污染指标的去除率为:SS为88.34%,CODCr为82.8%,BOD5为88.7%,TN为61.84%,TP为90.19%。出水达到中水回用的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the number of the large anaerobic plan increased in homeland, more and more anaerobic digestion residues(AD residues) need to be disposed and manage normative. But there is still not a regulation about AD residues in domestic. And less technology in this areas to support the management. Cause AD residues may contained some pollutants like heavy metal ion, persistent organic contaminants, pathogen, etc. if do not deal with that properly, discard that at will, it may be caused the seriously secondly pollution.In this research paper, according domestic status the author designed a system, which can deal with AD residues problem. As the post-treatment technology of the anaerobic digestion plant, the system can make anaerobic digestion plant more popular everywhere. AD residues be separated into sludge and liquid with sedimentation tank. Contained more than 50 percent of organic substance, may some heavy metals ion and pathogens in sludge. Aim to achieve a harmless, energize volume reduction and stabilization purpose, the sludge was composted and crushed for pretreating, compost for 4 days and crushed for 10 min is the best option. Choosed temperature, C/N, TS, as the main parameters experiment anaerobic digestion effect. Proved by the experiment the optimum parameters are temperature was 55℃, C/N was 20, TS was 10%.The liquid from AD residues, contained high concentrate organic, may contained some pollutants like heavy metal ion, persistent organic contaminants. Drained the liquid at will would cause serious environmental pollution. The liquid which was treated in our system can recycle water. The liquid which overflowed from sedimentation tank was absorbed by filter tower. The contaminations in liquid would be absorbed and filtered by biomass sorbent. Proved by experiment that the period of the fist filter tower is about 5 days. And second is 10 days. The tow filter tower decreased the pollutants, the effect was :SS 50.55%, CODCr 41.17%, BOD 35.09%, TN 23.6%, TP 13.24%. The sewage out from the second filter tower went into wetland, and get a further treatment. Wetland makes treat the sewage clean, and get rid of SS 88.34%, CODCr 82.8%, BOD5 88.7%, TN 61.84%, TP 90.19%. the out water from wetland up to recycle standard.更多还原