【作者】 任以伟；

【导师】 罗逸；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从如何有效地利用造纸黑液的角度出发,对木质素进行接枝改性,利用木质素本身的结构特征,再通过接加功能化基团,研究了接枝共聚物的缓蚀阻垢作用,酸性体系中的缓蚀作用,以及油水破乳等性能。研究结果表明,石灰预处理法比直接酸析法能提高木质素得纯度,降低灰分,利于接枝反应。以产率为表征量,采用三因素三水平的正交实验,研究了木质素与丙烯酰胺(AM)和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵阳离子单体(DMDAAC)的接枝共聚反应,得出最优试验条件为:每克木质素单体用量比为6gAM-0.5mlDMDAAC,引发剂用量为0.5g-1.0ml,反应温度为70℃。在其它条件不变的情况下,随着温度的提高,接枝聚合物的粘度下降,表明分子量下降,对木质素的链增长不利,但是产率提高。缓蚀阻垢作用实验表明,木质素与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物作阻垢剂时.,其阻垢效果随浓度的增大而增大,浓度达到400ppm时,达到100%。而三元共聚物阻垢效果不明显,甚至还有一定的促进结垢的趋势。木质素三元共聚物在自来水体系的缓蚀作用不明显。在10%HCl及25℃和80℃体系中,木质素的三元接枝共聚的缓蚀效率均可达到96%,并探讨了其缓蚀作用机理。表面活性研究得知,阳离子木质素接枝共聚物的水溶性良好,随着浓度升高,表面张力下降,质量浓度达到0.3%后,水溶液表面张力变化不大,趋于平稳,HLB值为9-10。作为武钢废油渣处理的破乳剂,机械油的回收率为: >34%;可燃性固体渣为:<20%;铁氧化物回收率为:<10%。废油渣中的资源可以充分被分离利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the opinion of effective utilization of the natural regenerated abandoned resource, graft copolymerization of lignin was studied. The corrosion and scale inhibition properties, the corrosion inhibition properties in the acidity system, and the demulsification were studied by availing itself of structural characteristic and endowing with more functional group by grafting.It is indicated that the purity of lignin was improved by the lime pretreatment method and it is beneficial for graft copolymerization.The graft copolymerization of lignin with acrylamide (AM) monomer and cationic monomer of dimethyldiallylammoniumchloride (DMDAAC) was studied. Optimum graft conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiments and applying production rate as aim value. The suitable conditions included 6gAM-0.5mlDMDAAC, 0.5g-1.0ml initiator for 1g lignin and temperature was 70℃. And with the temperature increased, the viscosity of grafting copolymer degraded. It was implied that molecular weight was decreased; therefore, the chain increase for lignin copolymer was disadvantageous. But, graft copolymer productivity was improved.It was concluded that the lignin-acrylamide copolymer can be used as scale inhibitor, when dosage reached 400ppm, the scale inhibition efficiency reached to 100%. But, the scale inhibition effect of terpolymer was not obvious, even promoted the scale effect. The corrosion inhibition effect of lignin terpolymer was also not conspicuous.The corrosion inhibition effect of the lignin terpolymer in the acidity system was tested. Results showed that the highest corrosion inhibition percentage was over 96% in the 10% HCl acid solution at25 and 80℃. The corrosion inhibition effect was a coordination effect of several kinds of matter by graft copolymerization.The surface activity of lignin cationic polymeric surfactant was studied. It was concluded that it had well solubility and surface tension decreased to the lowest when mass concentration reached to 0.3%, the HLB value of the polymeric surfactant was in the range of 9 to 10. When as a demulsifier in treating the Wuhan Steel Corporation waste oil residue, its base oil return-ratio is more than 34%; the ignitable solid dreg is less than 20%; the oxide compound return-ratio is less than 10%. The waste oil resource was separated fully to use.更多还原