【作者】 周丙超；

【导师】 王军；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 流体机械及工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在传统能源日益紧张的环境下,新能源开发利用越来越引起重视,其中风能倍受关注。风力机叶片是风能转换为动能的“心脏”部件,其气动设计优化方法,高效大功率、风力机专用翼型以及风力机噪声预测等是国内外技术研究人员关注的核心问题。目前设计中,由于风力机的尺寸大,运行环境条件复杂,给开发研究高效风力机样机带来不少困难。因此,本文将传统的风力设计方法与近年来快速发展的CFD优化技术结合,通过具有强大数学计算功能的MATLAB软件,建立一种设计分析系统,这对缩短风力机的设计开发周期具有现实意义。本文结合小型风力机结构特点,通过对比Glaurt设计法与Wilson设计法,给出了考虑叶尖损失的Wilson法基本设计思路,分析了Wilson法求解过程,给出了用MATLAB语言实现小型风力机叶片设计的流程图,并编写了采用MATLAB语言叶片设计程序。该程序克服了手工设计繁琐的不足,具有快速、方便的特点,同时能生成三维的叶片模型数据,采用本该程序设计了一台三叶片10KW小型风力机,旨在为以后设计提供参考依据。CFD分析使用FLUENT商业软件,控制方程基于求解三维雷诺平均守恒型定常Navier-Stokes方程,选用SST K-ω两方程湍流模型,使用混合平面法作为内流域与外流域接触面的数据处理方法,对三叶片10KW小型风力机机外流场进行了单流道三维定常数值模拟,详细给出了外流场的分布,并对外部性能进行预测,预测结果与实验数据对比,误差在5%以内。显示所用的数值模拟方法可行,为优化提供了一定依据。文中着重从不同风速对功率系数的影响,使用数值模拟结果结合小型风力机外流特点,分析了小型风力机效率特点,得出风力机适合运行范围。同时,结合叶片表面压力特征,得出了叶片表面压力系数分布规律。从对叶片截面速度矢量图的分析,得出了风力机叶片失速特点。最后结合风力机外流的CFD分析结果和现状,提出了深入研究的方向和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because the traditional resources are getting less and less, lots of countries focus on new resources and the wind resource is favorite. Blades decide efficiency of wind turbine as the“heart”of energy transforming of wind turbine. High efficiency and power, special aerofoil for wind turbine and noise were focused on by the researchers. However the steps of wind turbine design were very complex and their sizes were very large, so it was very hard for high efficiency wind turbines design. In this paper, the traditional design methods and the fast developing CFD methods were combined, and a good designing system was set up by good computation soft——MATLAB. This had good meaning for shorting wind turbine design.Compared and analyzed Glaurt method with Wilson method considering the characteristics of wind turbine, a Wilson method design theory considering the tip loss was showed; the solving steps of Wilson method were analyzed; a programmer was written with MATLAB language .The complex problem of hand-design was avoided by this programmer, and it was very quick and useful using this programmer. And a three blades 10KW miniature wind turbine was design in this paper for some reference in the future research.Numerical simulation using FLUENT software based on solving 3d Reynolds average steady Navier-Stocks equations with SST K-ωturbulent model and mixing plane was used for the contact planes. Compared numerical results with the experiments Performance, the numerical error was in 5%, proving the validity of the calculation.The different inlet velocities impacting power factor were using to study the out performances of wind turbine. And the good running area was given by analyzing the numerical results and the characteristics of wind turbine. At the same time, the pressure coefficient distributing rule and blade stalling characteristics were shown.In the end, the directions and methods of profound research through the CFD analytical result and present state of wind turbine were pointed out.更多还原