【作者】 魏爽；

【导师】 王乘；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 系统分析与集成， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 大型泵站的优化调度是达到整个泵站节能降耗的一种重要方法。近年来,由于在油田注水泵站中广泛引入变频调速技术,以及往复泵和离心泵多种泵型并联注水现象的普及,增加了大型注水泵站优化调度的复杂性;而当前自动化技术水平的提高又使得人们对生产效率和经济效益提出了更高的要求。为了解决以上矛盾,本文对带有变频调速往复泵和离心泵并联注水的大型泵站进行了深入的研究,并提出了通用性的仿真平台。首先,本文建立了适合大型注水泵站特点的优化调度数学模型,给出了满足外界流量变化需求和优化运行的约束条件,以同时达到泵站高效运行和恒压控制的目的。该数学模型是一个含有连续变量和离散变量的复杂非线性规划问题。本文在综合分析和讨论了目前各种智能优化算法的基础上,设计了一种改进遗传算法求解该问题,并通过算例证实了模型的正确性和算法的有效性。本文还设计并实现了大型泵站优化调度决策仿真系统软件,为将本文的研究成果应用于工程实际奠定了基础。作为泵站自动化系统的一部分,本系统软件在实际应用中考虑了同西门子等工控机的兼容性以及和数据采集系统的交互性,同时该软件具有应用于同类大型泵站的灵活性和可扩展性。因此,本文的研究对油田自动化水平的提高和节能降耗都具有重要的现实意义和广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optimal scheduling of large-scale pumping stations is an important method to realize the energy-saving demanding of the whole pumping stations. In recent years, reciprocating plunger pumps and centrifugal multilevel pumps were connected in parallel and frequency converter technology was widely used in the water injection stations in the oilfields of our country. Therefore, it became more and more complicated to implement optimal scheduling and control for large-scale water injection stations. Nowadays, people demands much more for the efficiency and cost-effective production due to the improvement of the present automatization level. To solve these conflicts, this dissertation is proposed to study and simulation on such large-scale pumping stations in the oilfields.In this paper, an appropriate mathematical model was firstly presented for the efficiency optimization of the large-scale water injection stations. The model is used to describe the characteristics of the stations and to achieve the goal of high efficiency and constant-pressure control. This is of a complex nonlinear programming with the effects of the continuous variables and discrete variables, which made its solving relatively trouble. Hence, an improved genetic algorithm was designed to get the optimal objective solution. Numerical examples show that the proposed model is correct and the method is efficient.Following the above research, a decision simulation system on optimal scheduling for the large-scale pumping stations is designed and implemented in this paper. The simulation software presents one of the applications of the proposed method. As one part of the automatization system for pumping stations, this software has many excellent qualities, such as compatibility with industry computers such as SIEMENS, interaction with data acquisition systems, and flexibility and extensibility to apply for the similar industry problems.Therefore, it is of great practical significance and has promising prospect to do research work in this thesis. It will contribute more to improvement of the automatization level of oilfields and more to reduce energy consume.更多还原