【作者】 沈国放；

【导师】 孙志坚； 胡亚才； 洪荣华；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 工程热物理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 抛物槽集热器是利用光学聚焦原理,将分散的太阳光会聚起来,对高温介质进行加热,从而获得较高温度的蒸汽和热水的太阳能集热装置。主要应用于发电、制冷空调、采暖、纺织、造纸、印染、海水淡化等生产和生活领域,用途广泛。目前在一些发达国家已得到较好的应用,并且获得了较好的效果。在太阳能中温应用领域中,有相当多的应用要求工质的温度达到100℃到200℃之间,由于非聚光集热器很难达到较高的温度,抛物面聚光器又需要复杂的跟踪系统,价格昂贵,因此复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)有着广泛的应用前景。本研究从理论和实验两方面对抛物槽集热器进行了较详细的论述,理论方面包括集热系统聚光器的设计参数的选择、集热管(回路型热管)、跟踪系统的构造与选材、光学原理的详细论述,并对不同跟踪系统的辐射强度进行了计算;实验方面,对集热管(回路型热管)的集热温度进行了测量、太阳辐照度对集热管(回路型热管)温度的影响进行了分析。实验结果表明,随着太阳辐照度的增加,吸收管表面温度也随之增加。作为槽式集热器的一个有益补充,本文还从理论上设计了一个接收半角θ_A=30°的复合抛物面集热器,并从理论上对CPC的传热性能进行了分析,提出了热管式真空管集热器总热损系数和集热效率的计算方法。计算实例表明,当集热器温度达到200℃时,CPC复合抛物面集热器的系统效率可以达到33%-37%,对于非跟踪集热系统来说,基本能够满足需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Parabolic trough collector(PTC) can concentrate the sunlight on the receiver to heat the working fluid in the receiver, so heat can be got from the working fluid. PTC is widely used in the field of electricity generation, air-condition, weaving, paper making, desalination, and so on.In the application of medium temperature solar enegry, of which temperature being from 100℃to 200℃, it’s difficult for the unconcentrating concentrators to reach the higher temperuatre, and the parbaolic trough collector requires a complex tracking system and it costs expensively, therefore, the compound parbaolic concentrator(CPC) has a bright prospect of application.This paper discusess the PTC from the aspects of theory and experiment. The structure、material choosing of the concentrator、receiver and tracking system and the priciples of optics are all included in the theory. In the aspect of experiment, the temperature of receiver are measured, and the influence of the solar immediacy irradiance on the temperature is analysed. The results of the experiment concludes that, the temperature of the receiver increases as the solar immediacy irradiance enhances.As a necessary application, this paper designs a compound parbaolicconcentrator(CPC), of which half-acceptance angleθ_A = 30°. According to the analysis of heat transfer performance on solar enegry collector, calculation methods were put forward which can determine the overall heat loss coefficient and collector efficiency of heat pipe evacuated tubular collector. The result of example indicates that, the efficiency of the compound parabolic collector can achieve as far as from 33% to 37%. As a non-tracking collector, that is satisfied.更多还原