【作者】 胡红玲；

【导师】 鞠洪波；

【作者基本信息】 中国林业科学研究院 ， 森林经理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 沙尘天气是具有破坏力的灾害性天气,它给工农业生产和人类身体健康带来巨大影响,而且可能引起气候学效应,造成自然生态坏境的破坏。作为一种自然现象,只要具备形成沙尘天气的因素,就必然会产生这种灾害天气。因此,必须通过有效的监测,增加对沙尘天气的了解,以便减轻这种灾害天气带来的损失。本文对沙尘天气激光雷达监测技术进行了研究,详细分析了Mie散射激光雷达参数反演的方法过程及沙尘参数的提取方法。分析、设计并开发了用于处理和分析激光雷达回波信号的大气和沙尘参数反演系统。对其他沙尘天气监测方法,如贝塔沙尘监测仪、卫星遥感、全球气溶胶监测网及沙尘区域大气模型进行了比较深入的了解和分析。利用后向散射激光雷达LB-D200对北京市2006-2007年春季沙尘天气进行监测,利用软件反演出基本气溶胶参数,将反演结果与其他监测方法的数据进行了对比分析研究,并初步探讨了多种监测方法数据的综合利用。通过研究得出:(1)后向散射激光雷达在监测气溶胶的垂直结构方面是非常有效的。能够反映出气溶胶层的高度及各高度的气溶胶分布情况,有利于分析沙尘天气的变化趋势。(2)利用激光雷达的退偏振可以实现气溶胶中的沙尘成分的区分。(3)通过对比分析,激光雷达监测沙尘天气得到的数据与其他几种沙尘天气监测得到的数据基本保持一致。同时,激光雷达在实现大气垂直空间的沙尘时空动态分布监测上具有明显的优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dust events are disaster weather with strong destructivity. It may bring serious impact of industry/agricultural production, human health and climate. Also, it may destroy entironment and cause ecological deterioration. As a natural phenomenon, as long as the factors which cause dust events have fromed, it inevitably coming. Therefore, we must using effective monitoring to realize sand and dust events in order to decrease the loss.In this paper, the lidar dust events monitoring techniques have been studied. The parameters calculate technique of Mie scattering lidar have been detailed analysis. The aerosol and dust parameters calculate system has been analysed, designed and developed. It is used to dispose and analyse echo signal of lidar. Also, other methods of dust monitor have been depth analysis and realize, such as Beta dust monitor, satellite remote sensing, AERONET and DREAM model. In study, we using backscattering lidar LB-D200 to monitor sand and dust weather at Beijing in spring of 2006 and 2007, calculate aerosol parameters, analysis the difference between the data acquire by lidar and other monitor method. Also, discuss the method of data comprehensive utilization which acquire by all monitor methods.The major conclusions are showed as following:(1) Use backscattering lidar to monitor aerosol vertical structure is very effective. It can reflect the altitude of aerosol layer, and aerosol distributing in each altitude. And it is conducive to Analysis the change of dust events.(2) The polarization signal of laser can be used to distinguish whether the aerosol compose of dust.(3) To distinguish by contrasting, we found that the data monitor by lidar and by other monitor methods are in substantial agreement. Also the advantage of lidar is obvious, it can monitor the space-time distribution verticality.更多还原